Chaenothecopsis oreganaNew to Canada

Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics Complete Active Space Configuration Interaction Theory

“…The operator μ̂ ′ is identical to μ̂ for neutral species where the sum of charges ∑ i Z i is zero, whereas it is clearly changed for charged species where this sum is nonzero. This shift in position for the molecule can be formulated in terms of a Unitary transformation Û = e i Δ r p̂ where p̂ is the momentum operator for the molecular degrees of freedom, so that we can view the Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian for any molecule shifted from the origin as Û † Ĥ PF Û . Because Unitary transformations are eigenvalue preserving, we know that the energies associated with neutral and charged species must be origin invariant.…”

“…Charged molecular species, unlike their neutral counterparts, have origin-dependent dipole moments. A demonstration following ref ( 87 ) follows. Consider the dipole operator for a molecular species μ̂ = ∑ i Z i r i where Z i and r i are the charge and position operator/coordinate for the i th particle.…”

“…This shift in position for the molecule can be formulated in terms of a Unitary transformation Û = e i Δ r p̂ where p̂ is the momentum operator for the molecular degrees of freedom, so that we can view the Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian for any molecule shifted from the origin as Û † Ĥ PF Û . 87 Because Unitary transformations are eigenvalue preserving, we know that the energies associated with neutral and charged species must be origin invariant. However, it is important to note that we are only guaranteed to recover these origin-invariant energies in the limit in which we can find the exact eigenvalues of our shifted Hamiltonian.…”

Macrolichen and Calicioid Flora of Forillon National Park, Quebec, Canada: The Big and Little Lichens and their Associates

“…Chaenothecopsis oregana (Fig. 3.3) was previously known in North America from Washington State (21 occurrences) and was recently reported for the first time in Canada by Haughland and Martel (2016) from a single site at Lesser Slave Lake, Alberta. Our collection is the second record in Canada and the first in eastern North America.…”

“…To verify that species are newly reported from the park and Quebec, we performed database searches of Canadensys, Canadian Museum of Nature, Consortium of North American Lichen Herbaria, Global Biodiversity Information Facility, and New York Botanical Garden. In addition, we a conducted a review of salient North American calicioid literature (Haughland & Martel 2016;McMullin et al 2012;McMullin et al 2018;Selva 2010Selva , 2013Selva , 2014Selva & Tibell 1999;Tuovila et al 2011;Tuovila et al 2012) and unpublished data from R.T.M. for calicioids in PNG.…”