<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i>-specific serum immune complexes in patients with                 multiple sclerosis

Parratt, John; Tavendale, Roger; O'Riordan, J I; Parratt, D.; Swingler, Robert

doi:10.1177/1352458507083188

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, there are some other communications supporting indirectly our finding. In particular, it is well known that human serum contains detectable amounts of chlamydial LPS and C. pneumoniae -specific immune complexes 12, 31. In our view, serum-associated LPS is likely to derive from partially destroyed cell walls and apparently from intact elementary bodies of C. pneumoniae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

ISOLATION OF CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE FROM SERUM SAMPLES OF THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Petyaev¹,

Zigangirova²,

Petyaev³

et al. 2010

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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BACKGROUND: Limited body of evidence suggests that lipopolysaccharide of C. pneumoniae as well as C. pneumoniae-specific immune complexes can be detected and isolated from human serum. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of viable elementary bodies of C.pneumoniae in serum samples of patients with acute coronary syndrome and healthy volunteers.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serum specimens from 26 healthy volunteers and 56 patients with acute coronary syndrome were examined subsequently by serological (C.pneumoniae-specific IgA and IgG), PCR-based and bacteriological methods. Conventional, nested and TaqMan PCR were used to detect C.pneumoniae genetic markers (ompA and 16S rRNA) in DNA from serum specimens extracted with different methods. An alternative protocol which included culturing high-speed serum sediments in HL cells and further C.pneumoniae growth evaluation with immunofluorescence analysis and TaqMan PCR was established. Pellet fraction of PCR-positive serum specimens was also examined by immunoelectron microscopy.RESULTS: Best efficiency of final PCR product recovery from serum specimens has been shown with specific C. pneumoniae primers using phenol-chloroform DNA extraction protocol. TaqMan PCR analysis revealed that human serum of patients with acute coronary syndrome may contain genetic markers of C. pneumoniae with bacterial load range from 200 to 2000 copies/ml serum. However, reliability and reproducibility of TaqMan PCR were poor for serum specimens with low bacterial copy number (<200 /ml). Combination of bacteriological, immunofluorescence and PCR- based protocols applied for the evaluating HL cells infected with serum sediments revealed that 21.0 % of the patients with acute coronary syndrome have viable forms C.pneumoniae in serum. The detection rate of C.pneumoniae in healthy volunteers was much lower (7.7%). Immunological profile of the patients did not match accurately C.pneumoniae detection rate in serum specimens. Elementary bodies of C.pneumoniae with typical ultrastructural characteristics were also identified in serum sediments using immunoelectron microscopy.Conclusions: Viable forms C. pneumoniae with typical electron microscopic structure can be identified and isolated from serum specimens of the patients with acute coronary syndrome and some healthy volunteers. Increased detection rate of C. pneumoniae in serum among the patients with an acute coronary syndrome may contribute towards enhanced pro-inflammatory status in cardiovascular patients and development of secondary complications of atherosclerosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

ISOLATION OF CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE FROM SERUM SAMPLES OF THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Petyaev¹,

Zigangirova²,

Petyaev³

et al. 2010

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…C. pneumoniae antibodies have been found in higher titre in smokers [252,253]. Patients with MS were more likely than controls to have evidence of active (perhaps chronic) infection with C. pneumoniae [254]. Sriram et al .…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Factors for Multiple Sclerosis: A Review with a Focus on Molecular Mechanisms

O’Gorman

Lucas

Taylor

2012

IJMS

185

113

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling disease of the central nervous system commonly affecting young adults. Pathologically, there are patches of inflammation (plaques) with demyelination of axons and oligodendrocyte loss. There is a global latitude gradient in MS prevalence, and incidence of MS is increasing (particularly in females). These changes suggest a major role for environmental factors in causation of disease. We have reviewed the evidence and potential mechanisms of action for three exposures: vitamin D, Epstein Barr virus and cigarette smoking. Recent advances supporting gene-environment interactions are reviewed. Further research is needed to establish mechanisms of causality in humans and to explore preventative strategies.

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“…It has also been found that exacerbations around the time of a clinical infection lead to more sustained neurological damage than noninfection-associated exacerbations 91. An association between Chlamydia pneumonia ( C pneumonia ) infection and MS has been described,92,93 although not confirmed 94,95 . C pneumonia -specific antibodies have been found to be higher in smokers than in nonsmokers 96,97.…”

Section: Potential Biological Mechanisms Linking Smoking and Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of smoking on the symptoms and progression of multiple sclerosis: a review

Shirani

Tremlett²

2010

JIR

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system with characteristic demyelinating lesions and axonal loss. MS accounts for the most common cause of neurological disability in young adults in the Western world. The clinical manifestations and the course of MS are highly variable. The early stage of the disease is usually characterized by attacks of neurological dysfunction with complete or incomplete recovery, however, with time disability accumulates in many patients. MS is believed to result from an interplay between susceptibility genes and environmental factors, one of which is smoking. Smoking, a worldwide epidemic, can be regarded as an important risk factor for MS particularly because of its modifiable nature in the quest to prevent or temper the disease course in MS as well as providing possible insights into MS pathogenesis. There are also reports that smoking may influence the symptoms and disease progression in patients with MS. The purpose of this article is to review the effects of smoking on MS symptoms and progression. We conclude that (1) although there are some early reports on worsening of MS symptoms by smoking, the existing evidence is insufficient to thoroughly assess the effects of smoking on the myriad of MS symptoms and (2) smoking seems to adversely influence disease progression in MS patients. We also discuss the potential biological mechanisms linking smoking and MS.

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Chlamydia pneumoniae-specific serum immune complexes in patients with multiple sclerosis

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

ISOLATION OF CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE FROM SERUM SAMPLES OF THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

ISOLATION OF CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE FROM SERUM SAMPLES OF THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Environmental Risk Factors for Multiple Sclerosis: A Review with a Focus on Molecular Mechanisms

The effect of smoking on the symptoms and progression of multiple sclerosis: a review

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