Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala berry extract and cyanidin‐3‐glucoside inhibit hepatotoxicity and apoptosis

Abstract

Excessive oxidative toxicity in liver cells is a significant risk factor that can cause cellular injury, leading to the development of chronic liver disease (CLD). Natural anthocyanins have been shown to prevent the harmful effects of oxidative toxicity in mammalian cells. Ripe Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala berry fruits are rich in anthocyanins, which have been reported to possess many health benefits. Therefore, this study examined the protective effect of ethanolic fruit extract of C. nervosum var. paniala (CNPE) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced oxidative damage and cell death in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Results showed that CNPE had strong antioxidant capabilities and high amounts of total phenolics and anthocyanins. HPLC analysis showed that CNPE consists of cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (C3G). Our investigations found that HepG2 cells pretreated with CNPE or anthocyanin C3G inhibited H2O2‐induced cellular damage and apoptosis by increasing the viability of cells, the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl‐2 protein, and the activities of cellular antioxidant enzymes, namely SOD, CAT, and GPx. Moreover, both CNPE and C3G significantly suppressed expression of apoptotic proteins (Bax and cytochrome c) and the activities of cleaved caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 caused by H2O2. Our results indicate that CNPE and C3G can suppress H2O2‐induced hepatotoxicity and cell death through stimulation of endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities and inhibition of apoptosis pathway in HepG2 cells. These findings might support development of CNPE as an alternative natural product for preventing CLD.

In vivo anti‐Salmonella properties of aqueous extract of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica) cladode, hepatological and toxicological evaluation

“…In a published report by Panritdum et al. ( 2024 ), authors investigated the potential impact of chronic liver diseases, such as fatty liver disease and hepatitis, on liver cells, with a focus on the development of fibrosis, chronic inflammation and cirrhosis. This study explored the relationship between these conditions and the increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, which is the leading cause of primary liver cancer.…”

“…The aqueous extract of Uvaria chamae was also in vitro and in vivo activities against multi-resistant strains of Salmonella enterica, making it a potential candidate for the development of traditional medicine for salmonellosis management(Legba et al, 2020). In a published report byPanritdum et al (2024), authors investigated the potential impact of chronic liver diseases, such as fatty liver disease and hepatitis, on liver cells, with a focus on the development of fibrosis, chronic inflammation and cirrhosis.…”