<i>Clostridioides difficile</i>Prevalence in the United States: National Inpatient Sample, 2016 to 2018

Petersen, Molly R; Cosgrove, Sara E.; Klein, Eili Y.; Zhu, Xianming; Quinn, Thomas C.; Patel, Eshan U.; Grabowski, M Kate; Tobian, Aaron A.R.

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab409

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We extracted our study cohort from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) [ 11 ]. The NIS is one of the largest all-payer publicly available databases on inpatient discharges from US hospitals maintained by the AHRQ.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We queried the 2007-2017 NIS database using the International Classification of Diseases Ninth Edition/Tenth Edition-Clinical Modification (ICD-9/10-CM) diagnosis codes for CDI as primary and secondary diagnosis fields. These codes have been used by previously published articles from administrative databases such as iNIS [ 6 , 11 ]. We extracted demographics, hospital-level characteristics (geographical region, size, and teaching status), and patient-level characteristics, supplied as part of the NIS [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing Trends of Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Young Patients: A Study of the National Inpatient Sample From 2007 to 2017

Yang¹,

Patel²,

Singh³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundClostridium difficile infection (CDI) is one of the rising public health threats in the United States. It has imposed significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. However, the burden of the disease in the young population is unclear. This study aimed to identify hospitalization trends and outcomes of CDI in the young population. MethodologyWe obtained data from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) for hospitalizations with CDI between 2007 and 2017. We used the International Classification of Diseases Ninth Edition-Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and ICD-10-CM to identify CDI and other diagnoses of interest. The primary outcome of our study was to identify the temporal trends and demographic characteristics of patients aged less than 50 years old hospitalized with CDI. The secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay (LOS), and discharge dispositions. We utilized the Cochran Armitage trend test and multivariable survey logistic regression models to analyze the trends and outcomes. ResultsFrom 2007 to 2017, CDI was present among 1,158,047 hospitalized patients. The majority (84.04%) of the patients were ≥50 years old versus 15.95% of patients <50 years old. From 2007 to 2017, there was a significant increase in CDI among <50-year-old hospitalized patients (12.6% from 2007 to 18.1% in 2017; p < 0.001). In trend analysis by ethnicities, among patients <50 years old, there was an increasing trend in Caucasians (63.9% versus 67.9%; p < 0.001) and Asian females (58.4% versus 62.6%; p < 0.001). We observed an increased trend of discharge to home (91.3% vs 95.8%; p < 0.001) in association with a decrease in discharge to facility (8.3% vs 4%; p < 0.001). The average LOS from 2007 to 2017 was 5 ± 0.03 days, which remained stable during the study period. ConclusionsThe proportion of young (<50 years old) hospitalized patients with CDI has been steadily increasing over the past decade. Our findings might represent new epidemiological trends related to non-traditional risk factors. Future CDI surveillance should extend to the young population to confirm our findings, and the study of emerging risk factors is required to better understand the increasing CDI hospitalization in the young population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Trends of Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Young Patients: A Study of the National Inpatient Sample From 2007 to 2017

Yang¹,

Patel²,

Singh³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of diarrhea in hospitalized adult patients in both the United States (US) and European countries (EC), entailing a considerable economic and social burden [ 1 , 2 ]. Its prevalence ranged from 10.1 cases per 1000 discharges in the US [ 3 ] to 7.3 per 10,000 patient bed days in Europe [ 4 ]. Clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic carriers to mild diarrhea or even death [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Efficacy of Treatment With Fidaxomicin Versus Vancomycin in Clostridioides difficile Infection

Diaz-Pollan,

Carrasco Molina,

Marcelo

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of diarrhea in hospitalized adult patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics, clinical cure, recurrence and mortality in patients with CDI treated with either fidaxomicin or vancomycin. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on patients with CDI treated with either fidaxomicin or vancomycin at a hospital from January 2019 to March 2022. Results We assessed 140 patients with CDI episodes, 70 patients treated with fidaxomicin and 70 with vancomycin. Seventy (50%) were male. Median age was 70 years old (IQR: 56-81). Fidaxomicin group had more recurrent CDI episodes within six months (59% vs 11%, p ≤ 0.001), more severity (43% vs 16%, p ≤ 0.001) and less treatment response (84% vs 100%, p ≤ 0.002) compared with vancomycin group. Recurrence and mortality rates in the follow-up period did not differ in both groups. Conclusions Our study found fidaxomicin treatment had worse outcomes due to restricted usage, potentially impacting its effectiveness in CDI. This finding is especially significant for patients with severe or recurrent CDI, as prescribing of the drug was limited until May 2022 in Spain with the lifting of this restriction, further research is necessary to better understand the potential benefits of fidaxomicin in treating CDI.

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Frequency and Impact of Infectious Disease Conditions Diagnosed During Decompensated Heart Failure Hospitalizations in the United States

Álvarez

Briasoulis

Malik

2023

The American Journal of Cardiology

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Clostridioides difficilePrevalence in the United States: National Inpatient Sample, 2016 to 2018

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Increasing Trends of Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Young Patients: A Study of the National Inpatient Sample From 2007 to 2017

Increasing Trends of Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Young Patients: A Study of the National Inpatient Sample From 2007 to 2017

A Comparison of the Efficacy of Treatment With Fidaxomicin Versus Vancomycin in Clostridioides difficile Infection

Frequency and Impact of Infectious Disease Conditions Diagnosed During Decompensated Heart Failure Hospitalizations in the United States

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