<i>Clostridioides difficile</i>
            resistance to antibiotics, including post-COVID-19 data

Boyanova, Lyudmila; Dimitrov, Georgi; Gergova, Raina; Hadzhiyski, Petyo; Markovska, Rumyana

doi:10.1080/17512433.2023.2252331

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Regarding antimicrobial resistance, 4.07 % of samples were resistant to vancomycin and 3.49 % to metronidazole, most of them being sensitive to both. Our results are in agreement with several studies conducted in Europe and the United States [ 17 , 28 ]. The study by Abdrabou et al (2019) [ 28 ] found 0 % vancomycin and 2.7 % metronidazole resistance in isolates from the German National Reference Centre between 2014 and 2019, while 0 % and 0.2 % resistances were found in isolates from a German tertiary hospital in the same period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The study by Abdrabou et al (2019) [ 28 ] found 0 % vancomycin and 2.7 % metronidazole resistance in isolates from the German National Reference Centre between 2014 and 2019, while 0 % and 0.2 % resistances were found in isolates from a German tertiary hospital in the same period. Furthermore, the study by Boyánova et al (2023) [ 17 ] analysed antimicrobial resistance of C. difficile in 20 countries. Resistance rates to metronidazole and vancomycin were found to be 4.7 % and 2.6 %, respectively, being higher rates for other antibiotics such as rifampicin, erythromycin, and imipenem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the meta-analysis by Sholeh et al (2020) [ 16 ], resistance to metronidazole and vancomycin is 1 % worldwide. On the other hand, Boyanova et al (2023) [ 17 ], performed a study including 20 different countries where they found 4.7 % and 2.6 % resistance strains for metronidazole and vancomycin, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of fidaxomicin, metronidazole and vancomycin for initial episode and recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection - An observational cohort study

Hernando-Gozalo,

Rescalvo-Casas,

Seijas-Pereda

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of fidaxomicin, metronidazole and vancomycin for initial episode and recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection - An observational cohort study

Hernando-Gozalo,

Rescalvo-Casas,

Seijas-Pereda

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…Non-susceptibility to each antibiotic agent was assessed using agar dilution MIC values. Determination of VAN (MIC > 2 mg/L) and FDX (MIC > 1 mg/L) non-susceptibility was based on epidemiologic cutoff values ( 18 – 20 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of ibezapolstat against antimicrobial-resistant clinical strains of Clostridioides difficile

Bassères,

Eubank,

Begum

et al. 2024

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Antimicrobial resistance is emerging in clinical strains of Clostridioides difficile . Ibezapolstat (IBZ) is a DNA polymerase IIIC inhibitor that has completed phase II clinical trials. IBZ has potent in vitro activity against wild-type, susceptible strains but its effect on C. difficile strains with reduced susceptibility to metronidazole (MTZ), vancomycin (VAN), or fidaxomicin (FDX) has not been tested. The primary objective of this study was to test the antibacterial properties of IBZ against multidrug-resistant C. difficile strains. The in vitro activity, bactericidal, and time-kill activity of IBZ versus comparators were evaluated against 100 clinical strains of which 59 had reduced susceptibility to other C. difficile antibiotics. Morphologic changes against a multidrug resistance strain were visualized by light and scanning electron microscopy. The overall IBZ MIC 50/90 values (µg/mL) for evaluated C. difficile strains were 4/8, compared with 2/4 for VAN, 0.5/1 for FDX, and 0.25/4 for MTZ. IBZ MIC 50/90 values did not differ based on non-susceptibility to antibiotic class or number of classes to which strains were non-susceptible. IBZ bactericidal activity was similar to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and maintained in wild-type and non-susceptible strains. Time-kill assays against two laboratory wild-type and two clinical non-susceptible strains demonstrated sustained IBZ activity despite reduced killing by comparator antibiotics for IBZ and VAN non-susceptible strains. Microscopy visualized increased cell lengthening and cellular damage in multidrug-resistant strains exposed to IBZ sub-MIC concentrations. This study demonstrated the potent antibacterial activity of IBZ against a large collection of C. difficile strains including multidrug-resistant strains. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of IBZ against multidrug-resistant strains of C. difficile .

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“…Its spores are implicated in long-term survival, biocide, and heat resistance resulting in transmission of the pathogen [ 2 , 3 ]. C. difficile Infection (CDI) causes ~29,000 deaths per year in the USA and 8382 deaths per year in Europe, with current data showing an increased incidence of CDI after the COVID-19 pandemic [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid, Point-of-Care Microwave Lysis and Electrochemical Detection of Clostridioides difficile Directly from Stool Samples

Joshi,

Brousseau,

Morris

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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The rapid detection of the spore form of Clostridioides difficile has remained a challenge for clinicians. To address this, we have developed a novel, precise, microwave-enhanced approach for near-spontaneous release of DNA from C. difficile spores via a bespoke microwave lysis platform. C. difficile spores were microwave-irradiated for 5 s in a pulsed microwave electric field at 2.45 GHz to lyse the spore and bacteria in each sample, which was then added to a screen-printed electrode and electrochemical DNA biosensor assay system to identify presence of the pathogen’s two toxin genes. The microwave lysis method released both single-stranded and double-stranded genome DNA from the bacterium at quantifiable concentrations between 0.02 μg/mL to 250 μg/mL allowing for subsequent downstream detection in the biosensor. The electrochemical bench-top system comprises of oligonucleotide probes specific to conserved regions within tcdA and tcdB toxin genes of C. difficile and was able to detect 800 spores of C. difficile within 300 µL of unprocessed human stool samples in under 10 min. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using a solid-state power generated, pulsed microwave electric field to lyse and release DNA from human stool infected with C. difficile spores. This rapid microwave lysis method enhanced the rapidity of subsequent electrochemical detection in the development of a rapid point-of-care biosensor platform for C. difficile.

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Clostridioides difficile resistance to antibiotics, including post-COVID-19 data

Cited by 4 publications

References 99 publications

Comparison of fidaxomicin, metronidazole and vancomycin for initial episode and recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection - An observational cohort study

Comparison of fidaxomicin, metronidazole and vancomycin for initial episode and recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection - An observational cohort study

Antibacterial activity of ibezapolstat against antimicrobial-resistant clinical strains of Clostridioides difficile

Rapid, Point-of-Care Microwave Lysis and Electrochemical Detection of Clostridioides difficile Directly from Stool Samples

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