<i>Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum</i> Sp. Nov., a Glycyrrhizin‐Hydrolysing Bacterium Isolated from Human Faeces

Sakuma, Keita; Kitahara, Maki; Kibe, Ryoko; Sakamoto, Mitsuo; Benno, Yoshimi

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.2006.tb03818.x

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The biological activities of lignans, flavonoids (baicalein), ceramides and glycyrrhetinic acid are greater than their corresponding glucuronides 20 . Several types of gut bacteria are able to produce glycyrrhetic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid monoglucuronide from glycyrrhizin, the diglucuronide conjugate of glycyrrhetinic acid 21 , 22 . The efficacy of ceramide glucuronide against colon cancer has been linked to GUS activity that produces bioactive ceramides in the colon 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Glucuronidases of opportunistic bacteria are the major contributors to xenobiotic-induced toxicity in the gut

Dashnyam

Mudududdla

Hsieh

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Gut bacterial β-D-glucuronidases (GUSs) catalyze the removal of glucuronic acid from liver-produced β-D-glucuronides. These reactions can have deleterious consequences when they reverse xenobiotic metabolism. The human gut contains hundreds of GUSs of variable sequences and structures. To understand how any particular bacterial GUS(s) contributes to global GUS activity and affects human health, the individual substrate preference(s) must be known. Herein, we report that representative GUSs vary in their ability to produce various xenobiotics from their respective glucuronides. To attempt to explain the distinct substrate preference, we solved the structure of a bacterial GUS complexed with coumarin-3-β-D-glucuronide. Comparisons of this structure with other GUS structures identified differences in loop 3 (or the α2-helix loop) and loop 5 at the aglycone-binding site, where differences in their conformations, hydrophobicities and flexibilities appear to underlie the distinct substrate preference(s) of the GUSs. Additional sequence, structural and functional analysis indicated that several groups of functionally related gut bacterial GUSs exist. Our results pinpoint opportunistic gut bacterial GUSs as those that cause xenobiotic-induced toxicity. We propose a structure-activity relationship that should allow both the prediction of the functional roles of GUSs and the design of selective inhibitors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Glucuronidases of opportunistic bacteria are the major contributors to xenobiotic-induced toxicity in the gut

Dashnyam

Mudududdla

Hsieh

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In a clinical setting, this microorganism should be distinguished from closely related ovoid spore-forming organisms such as Clostridium coccoides and Ruminococcus gnavus (1,5). Current phenotypic identification systems, including API 20 A and API Rapid ID 32 A, are unable to identify R. peoriensis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Robinsoniella peoriensis Bacteremia in a Patient with Pancreatic Cancer

Shen

Chen

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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Robinsoniella peoriensis was recently identified as a Gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic rod originally isolated from swine manure storage pits. We describe here a case of R. peoriensis bacteremia in a 42-year-old male with pancreatic cancer. The identification was confirmed by unique phenotypic profiles and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. CASE REPORTA 42-year-old male legal clerk presented with jaundice for 2 months. The patient had a 6-year history of chronic viral hepatitis B virus infection with secondary cirrhosis. He had been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and had undergone surgery 10 months prior to admission. The pancreatic cancer had been diagnosed as adenocarcinoma with medium-to-low differentiation at the pancreatic tail and a tumor size of 2.5 by 2 by 3 cm as determined by biopsy and pathologic examination. The spleen and greater omentum were not involved. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed the following: p170, ϩ; CK7, ϩϩϩ; CK19, ϩϩϩ; Ki-67, ϩ (Ͼ75%); vascular endothelial growth factor, ϩϩϩ; p53, Ϫ; HER-1, Ϫ; HER-2, Ϫ. He lived in an urban area of Beijing and denied having traveled or had any animal contact in the past year. Chemotherapy had been started immediately after surgery with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin, but his jaundice continued to progress; therefore, he was admitted to the Chinese PLA General Hospital.On admission, his physical examination revealed a temperature of 36.8°C (axilla), a pulse of 78 beats/min, a respiration rate of 18 breaths/min, and a blood pressure of 120/75 mmHg. His head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat appeared normal, and his lungs were clear. Several oral ulcers were noticed, and his skin was yellowish, but no lesions were noted. Laboratory values on admission revealed the following: blood hemoglobin level, 104 g/liter; platelet count, 94 ϫ 10 9 /liter; leukocyte count, 7.97 ϫ 10 9 /liter with 71.5% neutrophils. The total bilirubin level was 107.5 mol/liter, the direct bilirubin level was 83.6 mol/liter, the total bile acid level was 373.9 mol/liter, the alanine aminotransferase level was 44.2 U/liter, and the aspartate aminotransferase level was 107.7 U/liter. He was positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, and his D-dimer level was 6.11 g/ml. Urine

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“…Furthermore, our results showed that feeding rats a HFD for 10 weeks induced obvious obesity and NAFLD, as indicated by a significant increase in body weight and histopathological changes in adipose in the H&E-stained hepatocytes, accompanied by increased serum levels of TC, TG, LDL, AST, and AST compared with the NC group. Furthermore, Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum was found only in the HFD-fed group, and the IL-17 and TG serum levels exhibited a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) with C. Glycyrrhizinilyticum, which is a member of the glycyrrhizin-hydrolyzing bacterium isolated from human feces and could be categorized as a beneficial Clostridium strain because of its multiple effects on the body study (54). However, the results of our experiment show that the presence of C. glycyrrhizinilyticum might be related to the increase in the serum lipid level and the promotion of an inflammatory response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Qinghua Fang inhibits high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota

Wang¹,

Lv²,

Shen³

et al. 2021

Ann Palliat Med

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Background: Disturbance of the gut microbiota may play a critical role in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by high-fat diet (HFD). Changes in gut microbiota were analyzed in a rat HFD-induced NAFLD model following treatment with Qinghua Fang (QHF), a Chinese herbal formula currently used in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10): blank group [normal chow (NC) group], model group (HFD group), control group (BG group), Qinghua Fang high-dose group [QHF(H) group], QHF mid-dose group [QHF(M) group], QHF low-dose group [QHF(L) group]. The high, medium and low doses of QHF were used to intervene in the H, M, and L groups; the BG group was given berberine; the NC and HFD groups were given distilled water for 10 weeks. H&E staining, determination of serum liver function and blood lipid levels, and changes in the structure of rat intestinal flora through 16S rDNA denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis sequencing technology and ERIC-PCR fingerprinting were performed.Results: The liver function and blood lipid levels of the rats in the HFD group were higher than those in the NC group; the alanine aminotransferase levels in the QHF-H group, QFH-M group and QHF-L group were lower than in the HFD group (P<0.05); the liver pathology of the QHF-M group and QHF-H group showed a small amount of fatty cell infiltration, but was significantly less than the hepatocyte inflammation and necrosis in the HFD group. The ERIC-PCR fingerprint and diversity analysis found that the composition of the intestinal flora of rats in the QHF-H group was significantly different from that of the NC and HFD groups. The flora of the QHF and NC groups was more diverse and richer than in the HFD group (P<0.05).Conclusions: QHF alleviated the liver dysfunction and increased blood lipid levels of NAFLD rats induced by HFD. It also effectively reduced the degree of liver steatosis and adjusted the number and structure of intestinal flora. Treatment with QHF had a significant effect on NAFLD.

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Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum Sp. Nov., a Glycyrrhizin‐Hydrolysing Bacterium Isolated from Human Faeces

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

β-Glucuronidases of opportunistic bacteria are the major contributors to xenobiotic-induced toxicity in the gut

β-Glucuronidases of opportunistic bacteria are the major contributors to xenobiotic-induced toxicity in the gut

Robinsoniella peoriensis Bacteremia in a Patient with Pancreatic Cancer

Qinghua Fang inhibits high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota

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