<i>COMT</i> Val158Met modulates the effect of childhood adverse experiences on the risk of alcohol dependence

Schellekens, Arnt; Franke, Barbara; Ellenbroek, Bart A.; Cools, Alexander R.; Jong, C.A.J. de; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Verkes, Robbert‐Jan

doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2012.00438.x

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…Including these constructs, and expanding the scale should be an area of future research. The scale used herein is one of many ways exposure to trauma in childhood has been correlated with substance use (Young-Wolff, Kendler, & Prescott, 2012; Schilling, Aseltine, & Gore, 2007; Douglas et al, 2010; Kabiru, Beguy, & Ezeh, 2010; Kauhanen, Leino, Lakka, Lynch, & Kauhanen, 2011; Koss et al, 2003; Schellekens et al, 2013; Zlotnick, Tam, & Robertson; 2004; Low et al, 2012; Rothman, Bernstein, & Strunin, 2010; Meara & Frank, 2005), and it is unclear whether these associations would replicate with alternative measures of childhood trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Allem¹,

Soto²,

Baezconde‐Garbanati³

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

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Introduction Emerging adults who experienced stressful childhoods may engage in substance use as a maladaptive coping strategy. Given the collectivistic values Hispanics encounter growing up, adverse childhood experiences may play a prominent role in substance use decisions as these events violate the assumptions of group oriented cultural paradigms. Alternatively, adverse childhood events might not increase the risk of substance use because strong family ties could mitigate the potential maladaptive behaviors associated with these adverse experiences. This study examined whether adverse childhood experiences were associated with substance use among Hispanic emerging adults. Method Participants (n=1420, mean age=22, 41% male) completed surveys indicating whether they experienced any of 8 specific adverse experiences within their first 18 years of life, and past-month cigarette use, marijuana use, hard drug use, and binge drinking. Logistic regression models examined the associations between adverse childhood experiences and each category of substance use, controlling for age, gender, and depressive symptoms. Results The number of adverse childhood experiences was significantly associated with each category of substance use. A difference in the number of adverse childhood experiences, from 0 to 8, was associated with a 22% higher probability of cigarette smoking, a 24% higher probability of binge drinking, a 31% higher probability of marijuana use, and a 12% higher probability of hard drug use respectively. Conclusions These findings should be integrated into prevention/intervention programs in hopes of quelling the duration and severity of substance use behaviors among Hispanic emerging adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Allem¹,

Soto²,

Baezconde‐Garbanati³

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Currently, regression is still commonly used for disease prediction. For example, a search of PubMed revealed 10 articles published in 2013 which applied regression methods for the prediction of a variety of diseases, including cerebrovascular disease, age-related macular degeneration, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Abraham et al, 2013; Borque et al, 2013; Gruner et al, 2013; Harada et al, 2013; Mondul et al, 2013; Romano et al, 2013; Schellekens et al, 2013; Sharma et al, 2013; Tsai et al, 2013; Uddin et al, 2013). In addition, extensions including regression of the whole genome using a Best Linear Unbiased Prediction method (G-BLUP) can produce more highly predictive models (de Los Campos et al, 2013).…”

Section: Utility and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic-based prediction of disease traits: prediction is very difficult, especially about the futureâ€

et al. 2014

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Translation of results from genetic findings to inform medical practice is a highly anticipated goal of human genetics. The aim of this paper is to review and discuss the role of genetics in medically-relevant prediction. Germline genetics presages disease onset and therefore can contribute prognostic signals that augment laboratory tests and clinical features. As such, the impact of genetic-based predictive models on clinical decisions and therapy choice could be profound. However, given that (i) medical traits result from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors, (ii) the underlying genetic architectures for susceptibility to common diseases are not well-understood, and (iii) replicable susceptibility alleles, in combination, account for only a moderate amount of disease heritability, there are substantial challenges to constructing and implementing genetic risk prediction models with high utility. In spite of these challenges, concerted progress has continued in this area with an ongoing accumulation of studies that identify disease predisposing genotypes. Several statistical approaches with the aim of predicting disease have been published. Here we summarize the current state of disease susceptibility mapping and pharmacogenetics efforts for risk prediction, describe methods used to construct and evaluate genetic-based predictive models, and discuss applications.

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“…The COMT gene includes a common functional polymorphism Val158Met that is associated with lower COMT enzyme activity and, therefore, reduced dopamine functioning in the prefrontal cortex [44]. In a case control design with male abstinent alcohol-dependent patients and their matched controls (n= 110), researchers found that carriers of the low-activity Met allele (Met/Met or Val/Met) who were exposed to childhood adversity had a higher risk of developing severe alcohol dependence than individuals homozygous for the Val allele [45]. In contrast, the DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A A1 genotype did not interact with childhood adversity in predicting alcohol dependence [45].…”

Section: Moderators Of Dopamine and Opioid Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other cases, genotypes appear to be differentially susceptible to environments rather than reflecting purely risk or protection. Complicating this picture, some gene variants show patterns of differential susceptibility in response to certain environments but confer risk or protection in response to other environments [45,46]. Such mixed findings point to the importance of using formal methods for testing competitive hypotheses about diathesis-stress versus differential susceptibility [66] and careful model specification [67].…”

Section: ])mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene-Environment Interplay and Substance Use: A Review of Recent Findings

2015

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Substance use problems are chronic and common public health problems. We review recent studies that implicate genetic and environmental factors in their etiology. Although findings are mixed with respect to specific genotypes, some patterns are evident. For example, exposure to peers or parents who engage in high rates of substance use tends to exacerbate genetic diatheses or eliminate the protective effects of certain genotypes. We discuss reasons for mixed findings and highlight the need for translational research to advance understanding of gene function as well as new methods for using genomewide data in biologically relevant pathways.

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COMT Val158Met modulates the effect of childhood adverse experiences on the risk of alcohol dependence

Cited by 41 publications

References 102 publications

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Adverse childhood experiences and substance use among Hispanic emerging adults in Southern California

Genetic-based prediction of disease traits: prediction is very difficult, especially about the futureâ€

Gene-Environment Interplay and Substance Use: A Review of Recent Findings

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