“…The French school of proximity, whose work began in the early 1990s, was probably the first group of researchers to provide a typology of the concept (Carrincazeaux et al , 2008). These scholars began working on multiple issues, such as the impact of proximity on economic benefits and its role in inter-firm relationships and territorial development (Torre and Rallet, 2005; Rychen and Zimmermann, 2008), but also in supply chain management (Talbot, 2011). In order to refine our analysis, we opted to use five visions of proximity taken from the typology proposed by Boschma (2005).…”