<i>Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum</i>: Putative probiotic, opportunistic infector, emerging pathogen

Burkovski, Andreas

doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1067747

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our findings imply that these two pathologies could cause an increased instability of nasal microbial communities which could favor a shift toward pathogen-stable ecosystem. It is interesting to report that, despite the evidence about their beneficial properties, the genera Corynebacterium and Moraxella and the species C. pseudodiphtericum and M. nonliquefaciens have been previously associated with opportunistic infections within the upper respiratory tract, as well as, to an increased risk to develop diseases such as acute sinusitis (Biesbroek et al, 2014 ; Burkovski, 2015 ; Santee et al, 2016 ). This apparent discrepancy can be explained by the fact that within the human-associated microbiota, taxa could be composed by heterogeneous sub-populations comprising species/variants acting as pathobionts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S Metagenomics Reveals Dysbiosis of Nasal Core Microbiota in Children With Chronic Nasal Inflammation: Role of Adenoid Hypertrophy and Allergic Rhinitis

Migliori

Zicari

Aleandri

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Allergic rhinitis (AR) and adenoid hypertrophy (AH) are, in children, the main cause of partial or complete upper airway obstruction and reduction in airflow. However, limited data exist about the impact of the increased resistance to airflow, on the nasal microbial composition of children with AR end AH. Allergic rhinitis (AR) as well as adenoid hypertrophy (AH), represent extremely common pathologies in this population. Their known inflammatory obstruction is amplified when both pathologies coexist. In our study, the microbiota of anterior nares of 75 pediatric subjects with AR, AH or both conditions, was explored by 16S rRNA-based metagenomic approach. Our data show for the first time, that in children, the inflammatory state is associated to similar changes in the microbiota composition of AR and AH subjects respect to the healthy condition. Together with such alterations, we observed a reduced variability in the between-subject biodiversity on the other hand, these same alterations resulted amplified by the nasal obstruction that could constitute a secondary risk factor for dysbiosis. Significant differences in the relative abundance of specific microbial groups were found between diseased phenotypes and the controls. Most of these taxa belonged to a stable and quantitatively dominating component of the nasal microbiota and showed marked potentials in discriminating the controls from diseased subjects. A pauperization of the nasal microbial network was observed in diseased status in respect to the number of involved taxa and connectivity. Finally, while stable co-occurrence relationships were observed within both control- and diseases-associated microbial groups, only negative correlations were present between them, suggesting that microbial subgroups potentially act as maintainer of the eubiosis state in the nasal ecosystem. In the nasal ecosystem, inflammation-associated shifts seem to impact the more intimate component of the microbiota rather than representing the mere loss of microbial diversity. The discriminatory potential showed by differentially abundant taxa provide a starting point for future research with the potential to improve patient outcomes. Overall, our results underline the association of AH and AR with the impairment of the microbial interplay leading to unbalanced ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S Metagenomics Reveals Dysbiosis of Nasal Core Microbiota in Children With Chronic Nasal Inflammation: Role of Adenoid Hypertrophy and Allergic Rhinitis

Migliori

Zicari

Aleandri

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Thus, profiles of antimicrobial sensitivity of C. spp. are considered unpredictable [10,24,25] and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has been increasingly reported so far [12,26]. In addition, (%) S 52 52 58 84 10 77 74 94 94 I 13 10 3 3 13 0 6 0 0 R 29 13 29 3 67 20 17 3 3 N/A 6 25 10 10 10 3 3 3 3 Campanile et al reported 36 multidrug-resistant strains of C. striatum strongly associated with devices such as tracheal tubes or catheters [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathogenicity of Corynebacteria isolated in respiratory specimens has been further suggested in small series [6][7][8], most often with severe underlying cardiac or respiratory comorbidities [6,[9][10][11]. Although the switch between commensalism and pathogenicity is poorly understood, virulence factors, as well as environmental factors, may play a role in this process [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical relevance and impact of Corynebacterium isolation in lower respiratory tract of critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation

et al. 2020

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Purpose Corynebacterium spp. (C. spp.) is commonly considered as a contaminant in respiratory specimens. No study has ever focused on its clinical relevance in the lower respiratory tract of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and requiring mechanical ventilation. The aims were to describe the characteristics of ICU patients with a C. spp. positive deep respiratory specimen, to investigate the impact of C. spp. on the occurrence of pneumonia, and to evaluate the outcomes of these pneumonia. Methods We retrospectively included all adult patients admitted to ICU in a 1000-bed University Hospital (2007-2017) who had a C. spp. positive lower respiratory tract specimen at a significant quantitative level. We used clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria to classify the likelihood of such pneumonia. Results Among the 31 patients included, acute respiratory failure and postoperative care after major surgery were the main reasons of admission. SAPS II was 47 [34-60]. C. spp. pneumonia was considered as probable, possible and unlikely in 10, 14, and 7 patients, respectively. Fifty-two and 94% of C. spp. strains were sensitive to amoxicillin, and vancomycin/linezolid, respectively. Seventeen patients had a complete course of antibiotic against C. spp. The overall ICU mortality was 58%. Conclusion Corynebacterium spp seems to be responsible for authentic pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients. It should be considered as clinically relevant when predominantly present in respiratory specimen from patients suspected with pneumonia in ICU, and empirically treated.

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“…Little is known about the virulence factors of the non-diphtheria Corynebacterium spp. that may contribute to CAP and other infections [ 31 ]. C. pseudodiphtheriticum, the species most commonly implicated as a cause of pneumonia, has an ability to invade human epithelial type 2 (HEp-2) cells and survive for 24 h after infection, suggesting a potential mechanism to escape killing by the innate immune system [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that may contribute to CAP and other infections [ 31 ]. C. pseudodiphtheriticum, the species most commonly implicated as a cause of pneumonia, has an ability to invade human epithelial type 2 (HEp-2) cells and survive for 24 h after infection, suggesting a potential mechanism to escape killing by the innate immune system [ 31 ]. Invasive strains form biofilms and bind fibrinogen and fibronectin, which may be facilitated by fimbrial subunits [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corynebacteria as a cause of pulmonary infection: a case series and literature review

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIn most cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), an etiologic agent is not determined; the most common report from the microbiological evaluation of sputum cites “normal respiratory flora.” Non-diphtheria Corynebacterium spp., a component of this flora, is commonly viewed as a contaminant, but it may be the cause of pneumonia and the frequency with which it causes CAP may be underestimated.Case presentationsThis report present 3 cases of CAP in which Corynebacterium spp. was clearly the predominant isolate; identification was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Two cases were caused by C. propinquum and one by C. striatum. Two patients had a tracheostomy and one was on hemodialysis. Patients who received an appropriate antibiotic responded well.ConclusionWhen identified as the predominant isolate in sputum from a patient with CAP, Corynebacterium spp. should be considered as a potential cause of the infection. In cases with patients who have compromised airway clearance or who are immunocompromised, microaspiration may be responsible. While some Corynebacterium spp. are suspectible to antibiotics usually prescribed for CAP, others are susceptible only to vancomycin or aminoglycosides. Vancomycin is thus the appropriate empiric antibiotic, pending speciation and susceptibility test results. The number of reported cases with result of antibiotic susceptibility testing, however, remains limited, and further investigation is needed. Non-diphtheria Corynebacterium spp. represent a noteworthy clinical cause of pneumonia. Identification by Gram stain and as a predominant organism on culture demands careful consideration for management.

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Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum: Putative probiotic, opportunistic infector, emerging pathogen

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

16S Metagenomics Reveals Dysbiosis of Nasal Core Microbiota in Children With Chronic Nasal Inflammation: Role of Adenoid Hypertrophy and Allergic Rhinitis

16S Metagenomics Reveals Dysbiosis of Nasal Core Microbiota in Children With Chronic Nasal Inflammation: Role of Adenoid Hypertrophy and Allergic Rhinitis

Clinical relevance and impact of Corynebacterium isolation in lower respiratory tract of critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation

Corynebacteria as a cause of pulmonary infection: a case series and literature review

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