Costus spiralis (Jacq.) Roscoe: A Novel Source of Flavones with α‐Glycosidase Inhibitory Activity

Abstract

Costus spiralis, a plant used in traditional Brazilian medicine for the treatment of complications in diabetes, was investigated. Assay of hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous fractions obtained by partition of a crude methanol extract of dried leaves of C. spiralis revealed that AGI activity was confined to the ethyl acetate fraction. Purification of this fraction yielded schaftoside and isoschaftoside. The AGI activities of the two flavones were lower than, but comparable with, that of the anti-diabetic drug acarbose. In contrast, the IC 50 value of the ethyl acetate fraction was 1.95-, 2.34-, and 2.22-fold higher than those of acarbose, schaftoside, and isoschaftoside, respectively. The results demonstrate for the first time that schaftoside and isoschaftoside are responsible, in part, for the AGI activity of C. spiralis. Our study suggests that further investigations into C. spiralis may lead to the discovery of additional compounds with antihyperglycemic activity.

Costus spp e sua relevância medicinal: Uma revisão integrativa

“…Quanto às espécies utilizadas nos artigos: dois (9,5%) utilizaram folhas de Costus afer, dois (9,5%) utilizaram Costus arabicus, um (5%) utilizou Costus igneus, um (5%) utilizou Costus pictus, oito (38%) utilizaram Costus speciosus, quatro (19%) utilizaram Costus spicatus e três (14%) utilizaram Costus spiralis. Quanto à distribuição dos artigos por tema: cinco (24%) avaliaram a atividade antidiabética, sendo 2 in vivo (Eliza & Daisy, 2010.;Ali, Almaghrabi & Afifi., 2014) e 3 in vitro (Perera, Premadasa, & Poongunran, 2015;Patibandla, Khan, MacGregor, Campbell & Patterson, 2020;De Oliveira et al, 2018). Sobre os estudos que avaliaram atividade anti-inflamatória (33%), seis estudos realizaram teste in vivo (Anyasor et al, 2014;Anyasor, Onajobi, Osilesi & Adebawo, 2015;Al-Attas, El-Shaer, Mohamed, Ibrahim & Esmat, 2015;Picanço et al, 2016;Quintans Júnior et al 2010;De Farias Silva et al, 2021) e somente um realizou testes in vivo e in vitro (Krishnan, Mathew, Vijayalakshmi & Helen et al, 2014).…”

“…Os resultados demonstram pela primeira vez que o schaftoside e o isoschaftoside são responsáveis, em parte, pela atividade AGI de Costus spiralis. e suportam a hipótese original de que Costus spiralis exibe propriedades anti-hiperglicêmicas resultantes da atividade AGI conferida pela presença de flavonoides (Tabela 4) (De Oliveira et al,2018).…”

An in silico ADME/T and molecular docking studies of C-glycosyl flavones derived from Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth for the management of diabetes

“…The α-glucosidase (AGI) activities were lower than the antidiabetic drug acarbose. Schaftoside is responsible for the AGI activity [30]. As vitexin, vicenin-2 is also known as an antidiabetic flavonoid.…”

Enzyme Inhibition and Antioxidant Activities of Asparagus officinalis L. and Analysis of Its Phytochemical Content by LC/MS/MS

“…Due to these properties, α‐glycosidase inhibitors can potentially treat diabetes and obesity [25] . The discovery of new inhibitors, which do not have side effects, gains importance due to the undesirable effects of α‐glucosidase inhibitors, widely used to suppress hyperglycemia, such as gastrointestinal discomfort and hepatotoxicity [26] …”