<i>Coxiella burnetii</i> (Q fever) infection in dairy cattle and associated risk factors in Latvia

Boroduske, A; Trofimova, Jūlija; Ķibilds, Juris; Papule, U; Sergejeva, Maija; Rodze, Ieva; Grantina-Ievina, Lelde

doi:10.1017/s0950268817000838

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Regarding the risk factors for exposure of cattle to C. burnetii, significant associations have been primarily linked with management practices (Carbonero et al 2015, Nokhodian et al 2016, Boroduske et al 2017. In South Africa, the practice of communal kraaling at night may have contributed to the exposure of cattle to C. burnetii through milk, aerosol, and vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-Epidemiological Study of Selected Zoonotic and Abortifacient Pathogens in Cattle at a Wildlife-Livestock Interface in South Africa

Adesiyun

Knobel

Thompson

et al. 2020

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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A cross sectional sero-epidemiological study was conducted on cattle in a communal farming area adjacent to Kruger National Park at a wildlife-livestock interface in South Africa. A total of 184 cattle were screened for exposure to 5 abortifacient or zoonotic pathogens, namely Coxiella burnetii, Toxoplasma gondii, Chlamydophila abortus, Neospora caninum, and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In addition, the virus neutralization test was used to confirm the presence of antibodies to RVFV. The seroprevalence of C. burnetii, T. gondii, C. abortus, N. caninum, and RVFV antibodies was 38.0%, 32.6%, 20.7%, 1.6%, and 0.5%, respectively, and varied between locations (p < 0.001). Seroprevalence of C. burnetii and T. gondii was highly clustered by location (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.57), and that of C. abortus moderately so (ICC = 0.11). Seroprevalence was not associated with sex or age for any pathogen, except for C. abortus, for which seroprevalence was positively associated with age (p = 0.01). The predominant mixed infections were C. burnetii and T. gondii (15.2%) and C. burnetii, T. gondii, and C. abortus (13.0%). The serological detection of the five abortifacient pathogens in cattle indicates the potential for economic losses to livestock farmers, health impacts to domestic animals, transmission across the livestock-wildlife interface, and the risk of zoonotic transmission. This is the first documentation of T. gondii infection in cattle in South Africa, while exposure to C. burnetii, C. abortus, and N. caninum infections is being reported for the first time in cattle in a wildlife-livestock interface in the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-Epidemiological Study of Selected Zoonotic and Abortifacient Pathogens in Cattle at a Wildlife-Livestock Interface in South Africa

Adesiyun

Knobel

Thompson

et al. 2020

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…Although it was not possible to conclude that this cattle movement was responsible for the introduction of C. burnetii , reports have mentioned that dairy cow herds that contain purchased cows from abroad have a 2.68 greater chance of C. burnetii infection than closed herds. 9 Nevertheless, the potential role of wildlife, other domestic animals such as dogs and cats, or people, in the transmission of the infection in our cases cannot be ruled out.…”

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confidence: 81%

Bovine abortion caused by Coxiella burnetii: report of a cluster of cases in Uruguay and review of the literature

et al. 2019

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A cluster of 4 bovine abortions caused by Coxiella burnetii occurred in a dairy herd in Uruguay during a 2-mo period. Case 1 consisted of a placenta from an aborted cow; cases 2–4 were fetuses and their placentas. Grossly, the placenta from one aborted cow had moderate, diffuse reddening of the cotyledons and loss of translucency of the intercotyledonary areas. No gross lesions were observed in the other 3 placentas. Microscopically, 2 of 4 placentas had fibrinonecrotizing placentitis with abundant intratrophoblastic gram-negative coccobacilli. C. burnetii was identified intralesionally by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in all 4 placentas, and by PCR and DNA sequencing in 3 placentas analyzed by these techniques. One fetus had mild neutrophilic alveolitis with multinucleate syncytial cells; no gross or microscopic lesions were observed in the other 2 fetuses examined. The lungs of the 3 fetuses were negative for C. burnetii by IHC. Tests performed to investigate other possible causes of abortions in the 4 cases were negative. C. burnetii causes Q fever in humans and coxiellosis in animals. Clusters of abortions in cattle by C. burnetii have not been reported previously, to our knowledge; this bacterium has been considered an opportunistic pathogen associated only with sporadic abortion in cattle. We present herein a cluster of 4 bovine abortions caused by C. burnetii in a dairy farm during a period of 2 mo and a review of the literature on C. burnetii infection in cattle.

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“…In France, 2,695 cows, 658 sheep, and 105 goats that had aborted, seroprevalence of C. burnetii was found in 36%, 55.7%, and 61% of the herds, respectively (Gache et al, 2017). In Latvia, seroprevalence was recorded in 13.4% of herds where abortions occurred in dairy cattle (Boroduske et al, 2017). In the Netherlands, 3,264 cases of Q fever in humans were reported during the 2007-2010 epidemic (Dijkstra et al, 2012).…”

Section: Results and Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in cattle in the Belgrade epizootiological area

et al. 2020

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Q-fever is antropozoonosis which is caused by Coxiella burnetii, obligate intracellular pathogen. The most significant characteristics of this pathogen are resistance and stability in the environment, possibility of aerosol dissemination, and very low infective dose. C. burnetii can infect domestic and wild animals, rodents, birds and ticks. Q fever in animals is generally asymptomatic, although it can lead to reproductive disorders during pregnancy. The main route of infection in humans is inhalation of contaminated aerosol and dust. Serological studies have shown the presence of antibodies to C. burnetii in the serum samples of cattle in Belgrade epizootiological area. Seroprevalence of 18% was found in farm bred cattle, while it was only 1.5% in individual breeding. In farm bred cows that have suffered abortion prevalence was 49%, and only 1.9% in individual breeding. The overall results indicate that the circulation of this pathogen in cattle, in Belgrade epizootiological area, poses a health risk, not only to the cattle, but also to the humans, especially persons working with animals. Q fever control programs most often recommend serological research and vaccination of animals. Accordingly, it is necessary to define a strategy for the implementation of biosecurity measures and preventive measures against Q fever. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 451-03-68/2020-14/200030]

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Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) infection in dairy cattle and associated risk factors in Latvia

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Sero-Epidemiological Study of Selected Zoonotic and Abortifacient Pathogens in Cattle at a Wildlife-Livestock Interface in South Africa

Sero-Epidemiological Study of Selected Zoonotic and Abortifacient Pathogens in Cattle at a Wildlife-Livestock Interface in South Africa

Bovine abortion caused by Coxiella burnetii: report of a cluster of cases in Uruguay and review of the literature

Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in cattle in the Belgrade epizootiological area

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