Crataeva nurvala nanoparticles inhibit virulence factors and biofilm formation in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Green synthesized nanoparticles have gained great attention due to their non-toxic and non-hazardous nature. In the present study, bark extract of the medicinal plant in Ayurveda Crataeva nurvala (Buch-Ham) (CN) was chosen for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). These NPs were characterized by Ultra violet visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra Red, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The average particle size of green synthesized CN-AgNPs was 15.2 ± 1.01 nm. Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry analysis of methanolic bark extract involved in the formation of CN-AgNPs revealed lupeol as a major active component. In this study, CN-AgNPs (15 μg ml ) efficiently suppressed the production of quorum sensing mediated virulence factors viz. pyocyanin, protease, hemolysin, and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pyocyanin production was strongly inhibited (74.64%) followed by proteolysis (47.3%) and hemolysin production (47.7%). However, the biofilm forming ability was maximally reduced up to 79.70%. Moreover, the Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopic Analysis showed that CN-AgNPs inhibit colonization of P. aeruginosa on to the surface. Furthermore, TEM analysis revealed internalization of CN-AgNPs inside the bacterial cell. It is concluded that green synthesized AgNPs have great potential to inhibit virulence factors and biofilm forming ability of drug-resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa.

Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles as Potent Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Nano-Antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…Internalization of mycofabricated AgNPs and their effects on QS-operated virulence factors were reported. Ali et al [20] also reported similar findings where AgNPs inhibited QS-mediated virulence factors. Our SEM analysis results agreed with previous findings of Samantha et al [42].…”

“…Complex bonds formed due to the interaction between biomolecules present in the extract and gold particles were analyzed by FTIR (PerkinElmer, CT, USA) spectroscopy in the range of 4000-400 cm −1 at room temperature. The adsorption spectrum displayed different peaks, which corresponded to the various bonds formed [20].…”

“…Physical, chemical, and biological methods of the synthesis of nanoparticles have been developed. The biological method, or the green method, of synthesis is advantageous over the chemical and physical methods [16][17][18] because it eliminates the chances of formation of toxic byproducts and utilizes plant parts, including leaves, bark, etc., for synthesis [19][20][21]. Different reports of the synthesis of AuNPs, using lemongrass, tealeaves, and human cells, have been documented in the literature [22][23][24].…”

<p>Anticandidal activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles: effect on growth, cell morphology, and key virulence attributes of Candida species</p>

“…28,29 The lysis efficacy of human red blood cells by C. albicans after treatment with varying concentration of ScAgNPs was analyzed as previously described methods with some modification. 7,30 Further, the effect of ScAgNPs on the germ tube formation by C. albicans was examined as a method previously reported with some modification. 24 Effect of ScAgNPs on C. albicans biofilm The effects of different concentration of ScAgNPs on C. albicans biofilm were assessed by Congo Red Agar method (qualitatively), as described in our previous study with slight modification.…”

“…The antimicrobial activity of biogenic AgNPs was well documented in the literature. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] However, there are very few studies available in the literature on the inhibition of production of various extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and germ tubes in Candida spp by nanoparticles. [22][23][24] Due to the scarcity in the literature on the inhibition of production of various virulence factors by Candida spp, herein for the first time we have reported the potent inhibitory effects of green synthesized AgNPs on the production of different virulence attributes of Candida species isolated from oropharyngeal mucosa of HIV patients.…”