<i>Culex vishnui</i>(Diptera: Culicidae): An Overlooked Vector of Arboviruses in South-East Asia

Maquart, Pierre‐Olivier; Chann, Leakena; Boyer, Sébastien

doi:10.1093/jme/tjac044

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…were the most prevalent genera in the villages, likely in relation to the breeding conditions made available by agricultural activities. We identified Cx vishnui in all habitats (from forested to urban areas), as previously reported [ 30 ]. In addition to variations in landscape, environmental conditions including altitude can influence mosquito species’ composition and abundance [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Tembusu Virus in Mosquitoes in Northern Thailand

Hamel

Vargas

Rajonhson

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Among emerging zoonotic pathogens, mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs) circulate between vertebrate animals and mosquitoes and represent a serious threat to humans via spillover from enzootic cycles to the human community. Active surveillance of MBVs in their vectors is therefore essential to better understand and prevent spillover and emergence, especially at the human–animal interface. In this study, we assessed the presence of MBVs using molecular and phylogenetic methods in mosquitoes collected along an ecological gradient ranging from rural urbanized areas to highland forest areas in northern Thailand. We have detected the presence of insect specific flaviviruses in our samples, and the presence of the emerging zoonotic Tembusu virus (TMUV). Reported for the first time in 1955 in Malaysia, TMUV remained for a long time in the shadow of other flaviviruses such as dengue virus or the Japanese encephalitis virus. In this study, we identified two new TMUV strains belonging to cluster 3, which seems to be endemic in rural areas of Thailand and highlighted the genetic specificities of this Thai cluster. Our results show the active circulation of this emerging flavivirus in Thailand and the need for continuous investigation on this poorly known but threatening virus in Asia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Tembusu Virus in Mosquitoes in Northern Thailand

Hamel

Vargas

Rajonhson

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…Asia and the Pacific regions are well‐known areas where JEV mosquito vector species are present nearby rice paddies and irrigation systems (Marchi et al, 2018). Extensive breeding grounds for mosquitoes and the abundance of amplifiers such as pigs and water birds create suitable conditions that allow JEV transmission throughout Cambodia (Maquart et al, 2022; Touch et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the 4 years of collection undertaken by the Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit of the Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (IPC), mosquitoes from the Vishnui subgroup represented more than 50% of all collected mosquitoes (68,251 out of 118,748) (Maquart et al, 2022). This high proportion highlights the potential for the transmission of the arboviruses vectored by these species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and spatial distribution of Japanese encephalitis virus vector species in Cambodia

Dusadeepong

Maquart

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et al. 2023

Medical Vet Entomology

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In Southeast Asia, despite the use of Japanese encephalitis vaccines and vaccination coverage, Japanese encephalitis (JE) transmission is still a major public health issue. The main vectors of this virus are mosquitoes from the genus Culex, which diversity and density are important in Southeast Asia. The main vector species of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in Cambodia belong to the Vishnui subgroup. However, their morphological identification solely based on the adult stage remains challenging, making their segregation and detection difficult.In order to identify and describe the distribution of the three main JEV vector species in Cambodia, namely Culex vishnui, Cx. pseudovishnui and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, mosquito samplings were carried out throughout the country in different environments. Phylogenetic analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coI) gene using maximum‐likelihood tree with ultrafast bootstrap and phylogeographic analysis were performed. The three main Culex species are phylogenetically separated, and represent two distinct clades, one with Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and the second with Cx. vishnui and Cx. pseudovishnui, the latter appearing as a subgroup of Cx. vishnui. The phylogeographic analysis shows a distribution of the Vishnui subgroup on the entire Cambodian territory with an overlapped distribution areas leading to a sympatric distribution of these species. The three JEV vector species are geographically well‐defined with a strong presence of Cx. pseudovishnui in the forest. Combined with the presence of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. vishnui in rural, peri‐urban, and urban areas, the presence of JEV‐competent vectors is widespread in Cambodia.

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“…vishnui could act as a bridge vector for the transmission of viruses from natural and wild hosts to people. This underappreciated species of mosquito may pose a severe health danger in one of the world's most densely inhabited areas due to its zoo-and anthropophagy, ubiquity in the Oriental region, and strong resistance to various pesticide families (Maquart et al, 2022). Due to the vectors' favourable ecological conditions, intimate contact with humans, and reproductive biology, mosquito-borne diseases are endemic to India.…”

Section: Introduction Introduction Introduction Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of mosquito larvicidal activity of green synthesized crystalline silver nanoparticles using leave and fruit extracts of Phyllanthus acidus L. (Phyllanthaceae)

GOPE,

RAWANI,

CHATTERJEE

2023

Not Sci Biol

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The present study evaluates the potentiality of green silver nanoparticles from the leaves and fruit extracts of Phyllanthus acidus L. against third instar larvae of two vector mosquitoes namely Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex vishnui. Various spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize the synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Synthesized silver nanoparticles from both the leaf and fruits of P. acidus were spherical to quasi-spherical in shape and showed Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) bands at 420 and 409 nm respectively. In larvicidal bioassay with synthesized AgNPs from the leave of P. acidus, 100% mortality was observed at 20 ppm against third instar larvae of both the mosquito species with LC50 values of 1.64 and 0.87 ppm respectively. 100% mortality was observed in 5 ppm concentration against both Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. vishnui in synthesized AgNPs from fruits of P. acidus with LC50 values of 1.62 and 1.24 ppm respectively. The above findings suggest that the AgNPs synthesized from P. acidus leaves and fruit extracts have the potential to be employed in vector mosquito population control.

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Culex vishnui(Diptera: Culicidae): An Overlooked Vector of Arboviruses in South-East Asia

Cited by 6 publications

References 96 publications

Identification of the Tembusu Virus in Mosquitoes in Northern Thailand

Identification of the Tembusu Virus in Mosquitoes in Northern Thailand

Phylogeny and spatial distribution of Japanese encephalitis virus vector species in Cambodia

Evaluation of mosquito larvicidal activity of green synthesized crystalline silver nanoparticles using leave and fruit extracts of Phyllanthus acidus L. (Phyllanthaceae)

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