<i>Defective Kernel 39</i>encodes a PPR protein required for seed development in maize

Li, Xiaojie; Gu, Wei; Sun, Silong; Chen, Zongliang; Chen, Jing; Song, Weibin; Zhao, Haiming; Lai, Jinsheng

doi:10.1111/jipb.12602

Cited by 64 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…PPR family proteins are present in most eukaryotes (Lurin et al 2004; Schmitz‐Linneweber and Small 2008), and this family is one of the largest protein families in plants, with most members localized to either the mitochondria or chloroplasts (Lurin et al 2004). Some PPR proteins are dual‐localized to the mitochondria and chloroplasts (Sosso et al 2012; Li et al 2018; Xiao et al 2018), and a few are targeted to the nucleus (Ding et al 2006), whereas SOAR1 is dual‐localized to the cytosol and nucleus (Jiang et al 2014). As we know, PNM1 is a PPR protein previously reported to localize to both the nucleus and mitochondria (Hammani et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEK43 is a P‐type pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein responsible for the Cis‐splicing of nad4 in maize mitochondria

Ren

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

JIPB

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Mitochondria, the main energy transducers in plant cells, require the proper assembly of respiratory chain complexes I–V for their function. The NADH dehydrogenase 4 (nad4) gene encodes mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I subunit IV, but the mechanism underlying nad4 transcript splicing is unclear. Here, we report that the P‐type pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein DEFECTIVE KERNEL 43 (DEK43) is responsible for cis‐splicing of the nad4 transcript in maize. We demonstrate that DEK43 localizes to both the nucleus and mitochondria. The mutation of Dek43 resulted in embryo‐lethal and light‐colored defective kernels. Among the 22 mitochondrial group II introns, the splicing efficiency of nad4 introns 1 and 3 was reduced by up to 50% compared to the wild type. The levels of complex I and supercomplex I+III2 were also reduced in dek43. Furthermore, in‐gel NADH dehydrogenase assays indicated that the activities of these complexes were significantly reduced in dek43. Further, the mitochondrial ultrastructure was altered in the mutant. Together, our findings indicate that DEK43, a dual‐localized PPR protein, plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial function and maize kernel development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEK43 is a P‐type pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein responsible for the Cis‐splicing of nad4 in maize mitochondria

Ren

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

JIPB

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“…However, little or no functional redundancy among PPR proteins has been found in higher plants, this situation indicates that the functions of PPR proteins are highly diversified in these plants. Accumulating evidence has revealed that PPR proteins are involved in a wide range of biological processes, such as cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS; Gaborieau et al ., ; Igarashi et al ., ; Liu et al ., , ), embryogenesis (Cai et al ., ; Li et al ., ; Tadini et al ., ), retrograde signaling (Sun et al ., ), and low temperature stress (Wu et al ., ; Wang et al ., ). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of PPR proteins in low temperature stress remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accumulating evidence has revealed that PPR proteins are involved in a wide range of biological processes, such as cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS; Gaborieau et al, *These authors contributed equally to this work. 2016; Igarashi et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2016Liu et al, , 2017, embryogenesis Li et al, 2018;Tadini et al, 2018), retrograde signaling (Sun et al, 2016), and low temperature stress (Wu et al, 2016b;Wang et al, 2017). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of PPR proteins in low temperature stress remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The RNA editing factor DUA1 is crucial to chloroplast development at low temperature in rice

Cui

Wang

et al. 2018

New Phytologist

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Summary Low temperature stress hinders plant growth and chloroplast development and can limit the geographic range of cultivars. In rice, japonica cultivars have greater chilling tolerance than indica cultivars, but the molecular mechanism underlying chilling tolerance is unclear. Here, we report an RNA‐binding protein, DUA1, cloned from the indica cultivar Dular, which exhibits a deficiency in chloroplast development at an early stage of development under low‐temperature conditions. DUA1 shares high sequence homology with the pentatricopeptide repeat family and functions in plastid RNA editing under low‐temperature conditions. Our data suggest that DUA1 can bind to the plastid‐encoded rps8‐182 transcript and disruption of DUA1 activity impairs editing. The RNA editing cofactor WSP1, a partner of DUA1, also participates in chloroplast development at low temperature. Western blot analysis indicates that WSP1 enhances DUA1 stability under low temperatures. DUA1 sequence analyses of rice core germplasm revealed that three major haplotypes of DUA1 and one haplotype showed substantial differences in chlorophyll content under low‐temperature conditions. Variation at DUA1 may play an important role in the adaptation of rice to different growing regions.

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“…Analysis of cytological section was performed, as previously described (Li et al ). In brief, immature os1 mutant and wild‐type kernels were collected from the same segregating ears of 6 DAP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

OS1 functions in the allocation of nutrients between the endosperm and embryo in maize seeds

Song

Zhu

Zhao

et al. 2019

JIPB

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Uncovering the genetic basis of seed development will provide useful tools for improving both crop yield and nutritional value. However, the genetic regulatory networks of maize (Zea mays) seed development remain largely unknown. The maize opaque endosperm and small germ 1 (os1) mutant has opaque endosperm and a small embryo. Here, we cloned OS1 and show that it encodes a putative transcription factor containing an RWP‐RK domain. Transcriptional analysis indicated that OS1 expression is elevated in early endosperm development, especially in the basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL), conducting zone (CZ), and central starch endosperm (CSE) cells. RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) analysis of the os1 mutant revealed sharp downregulation of certain genes in specific cell types, including ZmMRP‐1 and Meg1 in BETL cells and a majority of zein‐ and starch‐related genes in CSE cells. Using a haploid induction system, we show that wild‐type endosperm could rescue the smaller size of os1 embryo, which suggests that nutrients are allocated by the wild‐type endosperm. Therefore, our data imply that the network regulated by OS1 accomplishes a key step in nutrient allocation between endosperm and embryo within maize seeds. Identification of this network will help uncover the mechanisms regulating the nutritional balance between endosperm and embryo.

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Defective Kernel 39encodes a PPR protein required for seed development in maize

Cited by 64 publications

References 66 publications

DEK43 is a P‐type pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein responsible for the Cis‐splicing of nad4 in maize mitochondria

DEK43 is a P‐type pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein responsible for the Cis‐splicing of nad4 in maize mitochondria

The RNA editing factor DUA1 is crucial to chloroplast development at low temperature in rice

OS1 functions in the allocation of nutrients between the endosperm and embryo in maize seeds

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