I do not understand but I care

Bräuer, Juliane

doi:10.1075/is.16.3.01bra

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Although the co-evolution hypothesis predicts a general increase in human ability to read dog emotions and predict their behaviour (see e.g. 21 – 23 , 25 ), it is noteworthy that humans, through evolution, mainly selected dogs which were more cooperative and less aggressive 23 , 77 , 78 . Perhaps, humans evolved an increased ability to read dog positive, cooperative behaviour, rather than dog behaviour in general.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience has a limited effect on humans’ ability to predict the outcome of social interactions in children, dogs and macaques

Donnier

Kovács

Oña

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The ability to predict others’ behaviour represents a crucial mechanism which allows individuals to react faster and more appropriately. To date, several studies have investigated humans’ ability to predict conspecifics’ behaviour, but little is known on our ability to predict behaviour in other species. Here, we aimed to test humans’ ability to predict social behaviour in dogs, macaques and humans, and assess the role played by experience and evolution on the emergence of this ability. For this purpose, we presented participants with short videoclips of real-life social interactions in dog, child and macaque dyads, and then asked them to predict the outcome of the observed interactions (i.e. aggressive, neutral or playful). Participants were selected according to their previous species-specific experience with dogs, children and non-human primates. Our results showed a limited effect of experience on the ability to predict the outcome of social interactions, which was mainly restricted to macaques. Moreover, we found no support to the co-domestication hypothesis, in that participants were not especially skilled at predicting dog behaviour. Finally, aggressive outcomes in dogs were predicted significantly worse than playful or neutral ones. Based on our findings, we suggest possible lines for future research, like the inclusion of other primate species and the assessment of cultural factors on the ability to predict behaviour across species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience has a limited effect on humans’ ability to predict the outcome of social interactions in children, dogs and macaques

Donnier

Kovács

Oña

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Thus, the assumption that an equal number of task-capable dogs were assigned to the experimental and control conditions may not have been valid. Study designs that do not sufficiently control for individual variation in understanding the contingencies of a prosocial task may lead to misidentification of prosocial behavior [9,30]. To address this possibility, we suggest that future studies should adopt within-subjects designs and should directly assess the ability of each dog to complete the task.…”

Section: Individual Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pet dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) release their trapped and distressed owners: Individual variation and evidence of emotional contagion

2020

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Domestic dogs have assisted humans for millennia. However, the extent to which these helpful behaviors are prosocially motivated remains unclear. To assess the propensity of pet dogs to actively rescue distressed humans without explicit training, this study tested whether sixty pet dogs would release their seemingly trapped owners from a large box. To examine the causal mechanisms that shaped this behavior, the readiness of each dog to open the box was tested in three conditions: 1) the owner sat in the box and called for help (distress test), 2) an experimenter placed high-value food rewards in the box (food test), and 3) the owner sat in the box and calmly read aloud (reading test). Dogs were as likely to release their distressed owner as to retrieve treats from inside the box, indicating that rescuing an owner may be a highly rewarding action for dogs. After accounting for opening ability, dogs released the owner more often when the owner called for help than when the owner read aloud calmly. In addition, opening latencies decreased with test number in the distress test but not the reading test. Thus, rescuing the owner could not be attributed solely to social facilitation, stimulus enhancement, or social contact-seeking behavior. Dogs displayed more stress behaviors in the distress test than in the reading test, and stress scores decreased with test number in the reading test but not in the distress test. This evidence of emotional contagion supports the hypothesis that rescuing the distressed owner was an empathetically-motivated prosocial behavior. Success in the food task and previous (inhome) experience opening objects were both strong predictors of releasing the owner. Thus, prosocial behavior tests for dogs should control for physical ability and previous experience.

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“…Previous studies investigating dog–human interactions have suggested pet dogs’ inclination toward preferring a human partner over conspecifics ( Kaminski and Marshall-Pescini, 2014 ; Bräuer, 2015 ; Nagasawa et al, 2015 ). However, in free-ranging dogs, intraspecific interactions are necessary for maintaining group stability, defending territories, and other social behaviors, for example, parental care ( Pal et al, 1998 ; Pal, 2003 ; Bonanni and Cafazzo, 2014 ; Paul et al, 2014a , b , 2015 , 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humans Dominate the Social Interaction Networks of Urban Free-Ranging Dogs in India

Bhattacharjee

Bhadra

2020

Front. Psychol.

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Research on human-animal interaction has skyrocketed in the last decade. Rapid urbanization has led scientists to investigate its impact on several species living in the vicinity of humans. Domesticated dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) are one such species that interact with humans and are also called man’s best friend. However, when it comes to the free-ranging population of dogs, interactions become quite complicated. Unfortunately, studies regarding free-ranging dog–human interactions are limited even though the majority of the world’s dog population is free-ranging. In this study, we observed twelve groups of free-ranging dogs in their natural habitat, the streets. We quantified their interactions at the intra (dog–dog) and interspecific (dog–human) levels. The study areas were divided into two zones, namely – intermediate and high flux, based on human activity or movement. Social network analysis revealed higher instances of interspecific than intraspecific interactions, irrespective of the human flux zones. Humans, in significantly higher occasions, initiated both positive and negative behaviors in comparison to dogs. Our findings conclude that humans are a crucial part of the interaction network of Indian free-ranging dogs.

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I do not understand but I care

Cited by 17 publications

References 87 publications

Experience has a limited effect on humans’ ability to predict the outcome of social interactions in children, dogs and macaques

Experience has a limited effect on humans’ ability to predict the outcome of social interactions in children, dogs and macaques

Pet dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) release their trapped and distressed owners: Individual variation and evidence of emotional contagion

Humans Dominate the Social Interaction Networks of Urban Free-Ranging Dogs in India

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