<i>Drosophila</i> neuroblasts: a model for stem cell biology

Homem, Catarina C.F.; Knoblich, Juergen A.

doi:10.1242/dev.080515

Cited by 432 publications

(461 citation statements)

References 145 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

457

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Eight type II NBs, which have a different lineage, are located in the posterior side of the CB. Type II NBs give rise to intermediate neural progenitors, which, after a maturation phase, divide asymmetrically three to five times to produce another intermediate neural progenitor and a ganglion mother cell (58). In control MARCM clones, the Yki targets Kib and DIAP1 were expressed uniformly in the NBs (marked by Dpn) and their progeny ( Fig.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential control of Yorkie activity by LKB1/AMPK and the Hippo/Warts cascade in the central nervous system

Gailite

Aerne

Tapon

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Hippo (Hpo) pathway is a highly conserved tumor suppressor network that restricts developmental tissue growth and regulates stem cell proliferation and differentiation. At the heart of the Hpo pathway is the progrowth transcriptional coactivator Yorkie [Yki–Yes-activated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) in mammals]. Yki activity is restricted through phosphorylation by the Hpo/Warts core kinase cascade, but increasing evidence indicates that core kinase-independent modes of regulation also play an important role. Here, we examine Yki regulation in the Drosophila larval central nervous system and uncover a Hpo/Warts-independent function for the tumor suppressor kinase liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and its downstream effector, the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), in repressing Yki activity in the central brain/ventral nerve cord. Although the Hpo/Warts core cascade restrains Yki in the optic lobe, it is dispensable for Yki target gene repression in the late larval central brain/ventral nerve cord. Thus, we demonstrate a dramatically different wiring of Hpo signaling in neighboring cell populations of distinct developmental origins in the central nervous system.

show abstract

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Drosophila neural stem cells or neuroblasts (NBs) have been extensively studied as a model for stem cell proliferation and differentiation (58,59). The developing Drosophila larval brain consists of two compartments of different developmental origins: the optic lobe (OL) and the CB/VNC (Fig.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Differential control of Yorkie activity by LKB1/AMPK and the Hippo/Warts cascade in the central nervous system

Gailite

Aerne

Tapon

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Throughout neural development, the stem cells of Drosophia, known as neuroblasts (NBs), proliferate to generate the nervous system of both larval and adult stages via asymmetric division, whereby NBs self-renew and generate daughter cells (Fig. 5B) (25,26). Defects in the mechanisms controlling this process can lead to premature differentiation and an incomplete nervous system, or alternatively an excess of NBs that can lead to tumor formation (Fig.…”

Section: Infrared Fluorescent Executioner-caspase Reporter Visualizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Defects in the mechanisms controlling this process can lead to premature differentiation and an incomplete nervous system, or alternatively an excess of NBs that can lead to tumor formation (Fig. 5C) (25). Dpn is normally expressed in the NBs and intermediate neural progenitors (INPs) of the developing Drosophila brain and has roles in maintaining NB selfrenewal and specification of the type II NB identity in larval brains (22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Infrared Fluorescent Executioner-caspase Reporter Visualizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationally designed fluorogenic protease reporter visualizes spatiotemporal dynamics of apoptosis in vivo

Piggott

Makhijani

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based reporters have been widely used in imaging cell signaling; however, their in vivo application has been handicapped because of poor signal. Although fluorogenic reporters overcome this problem, no such reporter of proteases has been demonstrated for in vivo imaging. Now we have redesigned an infrared fluorescent protein so that its chromophore incorporation is regulated by protease activity. Upon protease activation, the infrared fluorogenic protease reporter becomes fluorescent with no requirement of exogenous cofactor. To demonstrate biological applications, we have designed an infrared fluorogenic executioner-caspase reporter, which reveals spatiotemporal coordination between cell apoptosis and embryonic morphogenesis, as well as dynamics of apoptosis during tumorigenesis in Drosophila. The designed scaffold may be used to engineer reporters of other proteases with specific cleavage sequence.

show abstract

“…Drosophila neural stem cells, also termed neuroblasts (NBs), are plastic with an undifferentaited nature and serve as an excellent model to study stem-cell biology [21][22][23] .…”

Section: Glia Modulate Neural Stem-cell Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial cells in neuronal development: recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster

Xiao

et al. 2014

Neurosci. Bull.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glia outnumber neurons and are the most abundant cell type in the nervous system. Whereas neurons are the major carriers, transducers, and processors of information, glial cells, once considered mainly to play a passive supporting role, are now recognized for their active contributions to almost every aspect of nervous system development. Recently, insights from the invertebrate organism Drosophila melanogaster have advanced our knowledge of glial cell biology. In particular, findings on neuron-glia interactions via intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms have shed light on the importance of glia during different stages of neuronal development. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the functions of Drosophila glia, which resemble their mammalian counterparts in morphology and function, neural stem-cell conversion, synapse formation, and developmental axon pruning. These discoveries reinforce the idea that glia are substantial players in the developing nervous system and further advance the understanding of mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration.Keywords: glia; neuronal development; Gcm; neurodegeneration; neural stem cell; synapse formation; axon pruning Conventionally, glia have been considered to play a passive supporting role due to a lack of electrical excitability for transducing information like neurons. Nonetheless, compelling evidence has demonstrated that glia participate actively in mediating a number of neuronal events such as axon guidance, peripheral axon ensheathment, and formation of the blood-brain barrier to protect the central nervous system (CNS) [1][2][3][4][5] . On the other hand, a tripartite model that includes glia has recently been proposed to revise the classical view of synaptic structure [6][7][8] . In addition to the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments, adjacent glia, particularly mammalian astrocytes, are now envisioned as one of the major components integrating synaptic function by releasing gliotransmitters, promoting synapse formation, and regulating synaptic plasticity [9] .Intriguingly, studies from the invertebrate model organism Several recent articles have provided excellent overviews of the origin and development of glia [10][11][12][13][14] . In this review, we explicitly summarize glial functions that have emerged as key mechanisms in the regulation of neuronal development in Drosophila. We describe the distinct classes of Drosophila glia, followed by a discussion of how they modulate neural stem-cell behavior, an extrinsic regulatory step during the early stage of neural fate decision. Next, we discuss how glia secrete different factors to affect the development and function of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Finally, we compare the glia-derived two-step secretion/engulfment mechanism in NMJ remodeling with axon pruning of mushroom body (MB) γ-neurons.Altogether, these recent discoveries point to a significant role for glia during neuronal development, and provide novel insights into mechanisms leading to a destabilized state of the nervous system, as i...

show abstract

Drosophila neuroblasts: a model for stem cell biology

Cited by 432 publications

References 145 publications

Differential control of Yorkie activity by LKB1/AMPK and the Hippo/Warts cascade in the central nervous system

Differential control of Yorkie activity by LKB1/AMPK and the Hippo/Warts cascade in the central nervous system

Rationally designed fluorogenic protease reporter visualizes spatiotemporal dynamics of apoptosis in vivo

Glial cells in neuronal development: recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About