Echinacea purpureaExtract Enhances Natural Killer Cell ActivityIn Vivoby Upregulating MHC II and Th1-type CD4+T Cell Responses

Park, Soo‐Jeung; Lee, Minhee; Kim, Dakyung; Oh, Dal‐Seok; Prasad, Kodimule Shyam; Eun, Sangwon; Lee, Jeongmin

doi:10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0064

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Several in vivo and in vitro studies have shown the immunomodulatory effects of Echinacea extracts. Park et al [ 18 ] found that the oral intake of EP increased MHC II, CD4+ T cells, Th1 cytokines levels as well as NK cell activity. Moreover, the treatment increased B cell proliferation, leukocyte counts, and immunoglobulin levels, showing its capability of acting in immunomodulation systems [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinacea angustifolia and Echinacea purpurea Supplementation Combined with Vaginal Hyaluronic Acid to Boost the Remission of Cervical Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (L-SILs): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Riemma

Verde

2022

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Echinacea angustifolia and purpurea have known immunomodulatory effects which boost viral clearance, including HPV infection. However, evidence regarding the improvement due to Echinacea-based supplements of cervical HPV-related pathologies is still lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Echinacea supplementation on the remission of cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (L-SIL). Materials and Methods: A single-blind 1:1:1 parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Colposcopy Unit of a tertiary care referral center. Reproductive-aged women were allocated either to (a) an oral supplement based on Echinacea extracts plus vaginal hyaluronic acid-based soft gel capsules, (b) the Echinacea supplement alone, or (c) vaginal hyaluronic acid-based soft gel capsules alone for 3 months. The primary outcome was the regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)-1 for each treatment arm at 3, 6 and 12 months after the diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included changes in the epithelialization, pap smear, colposcopic parameters, histological reports, and vaginal health indexes (VHI) in the study groups. Results: 153 women (52 for arm A, 50 for arm B and 51 for arm C) completed the follow-up and were included in the analysis. There were no significant differences in both primary and secondary outcomes for the three groups after 3 months. At the 6-month follow-up, the number of persistent CIN-1 diagnoses was significantly lower in arm A (15/51), rather than in arm B (23/48, p = 0.03) and C (27/49, p = 0.03). Similarly, the same effect was seen after 12 months for treatment A (5/51) relative to B (15/48, p = 0.03) and C (14/48, p = 0.03). Colposcopic, histological and vaginal parameters were all significantly improved at 6 and 12 months for arm A relative to B and C, while no beneficial effects were seen after 3 months. Conclusions: Echinacea extracts supplementation in women with L-SIL/CIN-1 significantly boosts HPV lesion clearance, reducing the overall amount of diagnosis, histological, colposcopic and vaginal parameters after 6 and 12 months. However, a limited sample size reduces the quality of evaluated evidence, emphasizing the need for additional studies to validate these findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinacea angustifolia and Echinacea purpurea Supplementation Combined with Vaginal Hyaluronic Acid to Boost the Remission of Cervical Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (L-SILs): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Riemma

Verde

2022

Medicina

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“…The experiments performed using the animal model confirmed the formation of new NK cells in the bone marrow after oral administration of purple coneflower root extract. In addition, the powdered root, given parenterally to mice with leukemia, increased their survival rate compared to the control group [28,48,49].…”

Section: Pharmacological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Properties and Safe Use of 12 Medicinal Plant Species and Their Bioactive Compounds Affecting the Immune System

2023

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This paper presents raw plant materials and their characteristic compounds which may affect the immune system. Plant-derived agents in specific doses affect the body’s non-specific, antigen-independent defense system. They have immunostimulatory effects on the entire immune regulatory system. They can enhance the immune response through various factors such as macrophages, leukocytes, and granulocytes, as well as through mediators released by the cellular immune system. This paper was inspired by the threats caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The proper functioning of the immune system is important in limiting the effects of viral infection and restoring the normal functioning of the body. This paper also emphasizes the importance of the skillful use of plant immunostimulants by potential patients, but also by those who prescribe drugs. It is important not only to choose the right plant drug but above all to choose the correct dose and duration of treatment.

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“…Potential mechanisms of action were related to the stimulation of IFN production (polysaccharide moiety binding to T lymphocyte receptors) and the inhibition of the viral hyaluronidase enzyme (reduced cell permeability of the virus) ( Manayi et al, 2015 ). In addition, oral Echinacea extract intake enhances NK cell activity in C57BL/6N mice exposed to a forced swimming exercise by upregulating major histocompatibility complex II and Th1 CD4+ T cell responses ( Park et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Phytocompoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceuticals as Modulators of Immune Function: A Review of Potential Therapeutic Effects

Medoro,

Davinelli,

Colletti

et al. 2023

Prev. Nutr. Food Sci.

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Dietary supplementation with nutraceuticals can promote optimal immune system activation, modulating different pathways that enhance immune defenses. Therefore, the immunity-boosting effects of nutraceuticals encompass not only immunomodulatory but also antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, with therapeutic effects against diverse pathological conditions. However, the complexity of the pathways that regulate the immune system, numerous mechanisms of action, and heterogeneity of the immunodeficiencies, and subjects treated make their application in the clinical field difficult. Some nutraceuticals appear to safely improve immune system function, particularly by preventing viral and bacterial infections in specific groups, such as children, the elderly, and athletes, as well as in frail patients, such as those affected by autoimmune diseases, chronic diseases, or cancer. Several nutraceuticals, such as vitamins, mineral salts, polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, many types of phytocompounds, and probiotic strains, have the most consolidated evidence in humans. In most cases, further large and long-term randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the available preliminary positive data.

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Echinacea purpureaExtract Enhances Natural Killer Cell ActivityIn Vivoby Upregulating MHC II and Th1-type CD4⁺T Cell Responses

Cited by 16 publications

References 53 publications

Echinacea angustifolia and Echinacea purpurea Supplementation Combined with Vaginal Hyaluronic Acid to Boost the Remission of Cervical Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (L-SILs): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Echinacea angustifolia and Echinacea purpurea Supplementation Combined with Vaginal Hyaluronic Acid to Boost the Remission of Cervical Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (L-SILs): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pharmacological Properties and Safe Use of 12 Medicinal Plant Species and Their Bioactive Compounds Affecting the Immune System

Nutraceuticals as Modulators of Immune Function: A Review of Potential Therapeutic Effects

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