Eldana saccharina(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Resistance in Sugarcane (Saccharumsp.): Effects ofFusariumspp., Stalk Rind, Fibre and Nitrogen Content

Mahlanza, Tendekai; Rutherford, R. S.; Snyman, S. J.; Watt, M. P.

doi:10.4001/003.022.0420

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…More research has shown that the stem strength is mainly determined by cellulose and lignin (Mahlanza et al, 2014;Xue et al, 2017). Under LN and HK treatments, sucrose was the main form of transport of photosynthetic products (Cui et al, 2020), and its outward transport was enhanced (Gao et al, 2015;Sun et al, 2021), which was conducive for the synthesis of lignin and cellulose in the stems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of stem and physiological–biochemical responses of cucumber under different N and K conditions

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

qas

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In order to investigate the effects of N and K on the mechanical properties of cucumber stems, the physiological and biochemical indexes under different N and K conditions were compared. The analysis showed that the pho-tosynthetic rate was affected by both stress and the self-senescence of cucumber plants, and that the crops under N and K stress were stimulated to activate a highly effective antioxidant system to cope with the damage. Sugar, as the basis for the synthesis and structure formation of the stems, was highly related to stem strength, and polyphenol oxidase in the study of stem strength was limited but indispensable. Compared with CK, the epidermal penetration strength under LN, LNLK, and LNHK treatments increased by at least 10%, while the strength under HN, LK, HNLK, and HNHK treatments decreased by at least 7%. To sum up, it was the photosynthesis rate, the sucrose transportation, as well as the futile cycling of K+ that were the keys of stem strength.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of stem and physiological–biochemical responses of cucumber under different N and K conditions

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

qas

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“…According to previous research, the stem is mainly influenced by cellulose and lignin [ 21 , 25 ], and N and K are key to their synthesis and numerous related physiological activities [ 26 , 27 ]. Therefore, this study set up eight treatment groups and one control group (CK) of different the levels and combinations of N and K to investigate the changes in stem mechanical properties under different N and K stresses and the reasons for these changes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the changes in stem mechanical characteristics always exhibited obvious N stress characteristics. Related studies have shown that stem strength is mainly influenced by cellulose and lignin [ 21 , 25 ]. Cellulose and lignin serves as structural carbohydrates in cell walls, and their relationship was similar to that of steel bars and cement in building construction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellulose and lignin are the main structural carbohydrates of the stem, and their content is related to the mechanical characteristics of the stem [ 14 , 21 ]. A Fibertec M6 semi-automatic fiber analyzer (Foss, Denmark) was used to analyze the content of cellulose and lignin using chemicals C 12 H 25 SO 4 Na, Na 2 HPO 4 , C 19 H 42 BrN and H 2 SO 4 [ 14 ], and the detection range of the machine was 0.1–100%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary study on the diagnosis of NK stress based on the puncture mechanical characteristics of cucumber stem

Liu,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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To investigate the relationship between stem puncture mechanical characteristics and NK stress diagnosis, the microstructure, surface morphology, cellulose and lignin content, puncture mechanical characteristics, and epidermal cell morphology of cucumber stems were measured herein. The results indicated that the middle stem, which had a diameter of approximately 7000 μm, was more suitable for puncturing due to its lower amount of epidermal hair, and its gradual regularity in shape. Further, the cucumber stems were protected from puncture damage due to their ability to rapidly heal within 25 h.. The epidermal penetration of the cucumber stems increased with the increase in cellulose and lignin, though cellulose played a more decisive role. The epidermal break distance increased with an increase in N application and decreased with an increase in K+ application, but the change in intercellular space caused by K+ supply was the most critical factor affecting the epidermal break distance. In addition, a decrease in K+ concentration led to a decrease in epidermal brittleness, whereas the factors affecting epidermal toughness were more complex. Finally, we found that although the detection of epidermal brittleness and toughness on nutrient stress was poor under certain treatment, the puncture mechanical characteristics of the stem still had a significant indicative effect on N application rate. Therefore, elucidating of the relationship between the puncture mechanical characteristics of the stems and crop nutritional stress is not only beneficial for promoting stem stress physiology research but also for designing on-site nutritional testing equipment in the future.

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Agronomic evaluation and molecular characterisation of the acetolactate synthase gene in imazapyr tolerant sugarcane (Saccharum hybrid) genotypes

et al. 2018

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Mutagenesis had no effect on number of stalks/plot, stalk height, fibre and sucrose content of mutants. Imazapyr tolerance is likely due to a S622N mutation in the acetolactate synthase gene. The herbicidal compound imazapyr is effective against weeds such as Cynodon and Rottboellia species that constrain sugarcane production. This study aimed to compare agronomic characteristics of three imazapyr tolerant mutants (Mut 1, Mut 6 and Mut 7) with the non-mutated N12 control after 18 months of growth, and to sequence the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene to identify any point mutations conferring imazapyr tolerance. There were no significant differences in the number of stalks/plot, stalk height, fibre and sucrose contents of the mutants compared with the N12 control. However, Mut 1 genotype was more susceptible to the Lepidopteran stalk borer, Eldana saccharina when compared with the non-mutated N12 (11.14 ± 1.37 and 3.89 ± 0.52% internodes bored, respectively), making Mut 1 less desirable for commercial cultivation. Molecular characterisation of the ALS gene revealed non-synonymous mutations in Mut 6. An A to G change at nucleotide position 1857 resulted in a N513D mutation, while a G to A change at nucleotide position 2184 imposed a S622N mutation. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the S622N mutation renders an asparagine side chain clash with imazapyr, hence this mutation is effective in conferring imazapyr tolerance.

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Eldana saccharina(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Resistance in Sugarcane (Saccharumsp.): Effects ofFusariumspp., Stalk Rind, Fibre and Nitrogen Content

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Mechanical properties of stem and physiological–biochemical responses of cucumber under different N and K conditions

Mechanical properties of stem and physiological–biochemical responses of cucumber under different N and K conditions

Preliminary study on the diagnosis of NK stress based on the puncture mechanical characteristics of cucumber stem

Agronomic evaluation and molecular characterisation of the acetolactate synthase gene in imazapyr tolerant sugarcane (Saccharum hybrid) genotypes

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