<i>Endozoicomonas</i>-chlamydiae interactions in cell-associated microbial aggregates of the coral<i>Pocillopora acuta</i>

Maire, Justin; Tandon, Kshitij; Collingro, Astrid; Meene, Allison van de; Damjanovic, Katarina; Gøtze, Cecilie Ravn; Stephenson, Sophie; Philip, Gayle K.; Horn, Matthias; Cantin, Neal E.; Blackall, Linda L.; Oppen, Madeleine J. H. van

doi:10.1101/2022.11.28.517745

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Endozoicomonas sp. is observed for the first time in cultured B. minutum and is often dominant in corals where it forms cell-associated microbial aggregates in coral tissues ( Maire et al ., 2022 ). However, localisation of Endozoicomonas sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, localisation of Endozoicomonas sp. in the proximity of in hospite Symbiodiniaceae is not consistently observed in corals ( Maire et al ., 2022 ; Gardner et al ., 2023 ). The ASVs associated with Endozoicomonas sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several physicochemical methods ( Webster et al , 2001 ; Yakubovskaya et al , 2019 ; Astafyeva et al , 2022a ; Maire et al , 2022 ) can partially mitigate background autofluorescence, we previously outlined the use of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to study microbial symbiosis ( Deore et al , 2022 ). FLIM measures the fluorescence lifetime of fluorophores rather than their intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cutting through host autofluorescence: fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for visualising intracellular bacteria in Symbiodiniaceae

Deore,

Tsang Min Ching,

Brumley

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Photoperiodicity is key to the synchronization of life stages in Symbiodiniaceae,Breviolum minutumwhich harbors taxonomically diverse epi- and endosymbiotic bacteria. We examined influence of a light dark regime on the spatial association betweenB. minutumand bacteria. We employed a novel approach using combination of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy with fluorescence in situ hybridisation approach to clearly distinguish labelled intracellular bacteria from broad spectrum (450–800 nm) background autofluorescence ofB. minutum. Bacteria were observed inside, tethered to and burrowing into the cell exterior, and at the furrow of dividing cells inB. minutum. Significant changes in the abundance of intracellular bacteria relative to autofluorescence inB. minutumcells were observed at initiation of light and dark conditions. We suggest that the onset of bacterial endosymbiosis is linked to the photoperiod driven changes inB. minutumlife stages. The re-organisation of thecal plates during cell division ofB.minutumin dark is likely to result in internalisation of bacteria.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cutting through host autofluorescence: fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for visualising intracellular bacteria in Symbiodiniaceae

Deore,

Tsang Min Ching,

Brumley

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The MAGs analyzed in our study were all smaller than 2 Mb, suggesting they are coral-rather than protist-associated. Further studies combining genomic and spatial analyses are needed to fully elucidate the hosts and functions of chlamydiae within cnidarian holobionts [8,12,13,70,71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genome annotation was performed with Bakta v1.7.0 [36] and eggNOG-mapper v2.1.11 [37]. Metabolic pathways, transport systems and secretion systems were annotated via METABOLIC-G v4.0 [38] as previously described [39], applying "-m-cutoff 0.5" to include pathways which are ≥50% complete. The completeness of metabolic pathways (KEGG module database, https://www.genome.jp/kegg/module.html), transporters and secretion systems was estimated in EnrichM v0.6.4 [40].…”

Section: Genome Annotation and Metabolic Pathway Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydiae in cnidarians: Shared functional potential despite broad taxonomic diversity

Maire,

Collingro,

Horn

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Cnidarians, such as corals and sea anemones, associate with a wide range of bacteria that have essential functions, including nutrient cycling and the production of antimicrobial compounds. Within cnidarians, bacteria can colonize all microhabitats including the tissues. Among them are obligate intracellular bacteria of the phylum Chlamydiota (chlamydiae) whose impact on cnidarian hosts and holobionts remain unknown. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of previously published cnidarian 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding data and eight metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of cnidarian-associated chlamydiae to decipher their diversity and functional potential. While the metabarcoding dataset showed an enormous diversity of cnidarian-associated chlamydiae, five out of eight MAGs were affiliated with the Simkaniaceae family. The other three MAGs were assigned to the Parasimkaniaceae, Rhabdochlamydiaceae, and Anoxychlamydiaceae, respectively. All MAGs were associated with corals and showed a functional potential insufficient for an independent existence, lacking any nucleotide or vitamin and most amino acid biosynthesis pathways. Hallmark chlamydial genes, such as a type III secretion system, nucleotide transporters, and genes for host interaction, were encoded in all MAGs. Together these observations suggest an obligate intracellular lifestyle of cnidarian-associated chlamydiae. Cnidarian-associated chlamydiae lacked unique genes, suggesting the core chlamydial genetic arsenal may be flexible enough to infect many eukaryotic hosts, including cnidarians. Additional studies are needed to understand how chlamydiae interact with their cnidarian host, and other microbes in cnidarian holobionts. This first study of the diversity and functional potential of cnidarian-associated chlamydiae improves our understanding of both the cnidarian microbiome and the chlamydial lifestyle and host range.

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The Bacterial Microbiome of the Coral Skeleton Algal Symbiont Ostreobium Shows Preferential Associations and Signatures of Phylosymbiosis

et al. 2023

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Ostreobium, the major algal symbiont of the coral skeleton, remains understudied despite extensive research on the coral holobiont. The enclosed nature of the coral skeleton might reduce the dispersal and exposure of residing bacteria to the outside environment, allowing stronger associations with the algae. Here, we describe the bacterial communities associated with cultured strains of 5 Ostreobium clades using 16S rRNA sequencing. We shed light on their likely physical associations by comparative analysis of three datasets generated to capture (1) all algae associated bacteria, (2) enriched tightly attached and potential intracellular bacteria, and (3) bacteria in spent media. Our data showed that while some bacteria may be loosely attached, some tend to be tightly attached or potentially intracellular. Although colonised with diverse bacteria, Ostreobium preferentially associated with 34 bacterial taxa revealing a core microbiome. These bacteria include known nitrogen cyclers, polysaccharide degraders, sulphate reducers, antimicrobial compound producers, methylotrophs, and vitamin B12 producers. By analysing co-occurrence networks of 16S rRNA datasets from Porites lutea and Paragoniastrea australensis skeleton samples, we show that the Ostreobium-bacterial associations present in the cultures are likely to also occur in their natural environment. Finally, our data show significant congruence between the Ostreobium phylogeny and the community composition of its tightly associated microbiome, largely due to the phylosymbiotic signal originating from the core bacterial taxa. This study offers insight into the Ostreobium microbiome and reveals preferential associations that warrant further testing from functional and evolutionary perspectives.

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Endozoicomonas-chlamydiae interactions in cell-associated microbial aggregates of the coralPocillopora acuta

Cited by 4 publications

References 108 publications

Cutting through host autofluorescence: fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for visualising intracellular bacteria in Symbiodiniaceae

Cutting through host autofluorescence: fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for visualising intracellular bacteria in Symbiodiniaceae

Chlamydiae in cnidarians: Shared functional potential despite broad taxonomic diversity

The Bacterial Microbiome of the Coral Skeleton Algal Symbiont Ostreobium Shows Preferential Associations and Signatures of Phylosymbiosis

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