<i>Enterococcus hirae</i>‐related acute pyelonephritis and cholangitis with bacteremia: An unusual infection in humans

Chan, Tze Sian; Wu, Min; Suk, Fat Moon; Chen, Chun Nan; Chen, Yung Fa; Hou, Yen Hui; Lien, Gi Shih

doi:10.1016/j.kjms.2011.06.027

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To the knowledge, there are only eight case reports describing human infection in the literatures (Table 1) (9-15). Our case constitutes the first description of SBP as well as the ninth case of clearly established human infection caused by E. hirae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis with Sepsis Caused byEnterococcus hirae

Sim

Kim

et al. 2012

J Korean Med Sci

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Selective intestinal decontamination (SID) with norfloxacin has been widely used for the prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) because of a high recurrence rate and preventive effect of SID for SBP. However, it does select resistant gut flora and may lead to SBP caused by unusual pathogens such as quinolone-resistant gram-negative bacilli or gram-positive cocci. Enterococcus hirae is known to cause infections mainly in animals, but is rarely encountered in humans. We report the first case of SBP by E. hirae in a cirrhotic patient who have previously received an oral administration of norfloxacin against SBP caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and presented in septic shock.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis with Sepsis Caused byEnterococcus hirae

Sim

Kim

et al. 2012

J Korean Med Sci

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“…According to the plans, ampicillin-based therapy with concomitant gentamicin or vancomycin is widely used as a treatment of choice for enterococcal infections. Other cases of E. hirae-related pyelonephritis (Table 1) [4,5,[7][8][9][10], except for our case report, showed an antibiotic duration of 10 to 14 days, and the antibiotics of choice were ampicillin, ampicillin/ sulbactam, or amoxicillin. In some areas, our report differed from that of previous cases, predominantly changing the antibiotics from ciprofloxacin to ampicillin/sulbactam.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…We changed ceftriaxone to ciprofloxacin, which is not an ampicillin-based regimen, and had the same successful outcome. Except in cases of urinary tract infections, E. hirae infections were treated using cefmetazole (bacteremia with cholangitis) [7]; ampicillin combination therapy comprising gentamicin and levofloxacin (spondylodiscitis) [1]; vancomycin (hemodialysis with bacteremia); three combination regimens with either vancomycin and gentamicin, amoxicillin and gentamicin, or ampicillin and rifampin (infective endocarditis); ampicillin combination therapy comprising piperacillin/tazobactam and levofloxacin (splenic abscess), and ampicillin (peritonitis). Each of the treatment had an average therapeutic duration of 2 weeks, with a maximum duration of 8 weeks [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Pyelonephritis with Enterococcus hirae and Literature Review

Lee¹,

Lee

et al. 2017

Urogenit Tract Infect

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To control for acute infectious disease, identification of the causative agent and determining the antibiotic susceptibility of the pathogen are crucial. If a particular organism is rare and relevant etiological information is scarce, it becomes difficult to determine appropriate antibiotic and therapy duration. Enterococcus hirae is a pathogen that infects animals, but rarely causes human infections. We present two cases of E. hirae-related pyelonephritis with successful treatment. Herein, our experience is discussed with relevant literature review.

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“…We found that all the organisms are pathogenic except some species of Enterococcus such as E. hirae, mundtii, durans, saccharolyticus, villorum, gallinarum, phoeniculicola, italicus, caccae, haemoperoxidus, moraviensis, malodoratus, cecorum, raffinosus, sulfureus, avium, dispar, columbae, asini; Lactococcuspiscium and Lactococcusraffinolactis, Carnobacteriumdivergens, Staphylococcus schleiferi, Vagococcuslutrae, Melissococcusplutonius. However, literature searching helped us to conclude that Enterococcus hirae, mundtii, durans, villorum, gallinarum, italicus, cecorum, raffinosus, avium, dispar and Staphylococcus schleiferi are also involved in human diseases and in rare cases are able to transfer gene to other species [49, 50]. Rest of the bacterial species are found in animal and aquatic species [51-53].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silicoidentification of potential drug targets by subtractive genome analysis ofEnterococcus faecium DO

Karim

Islam

Gmn

2020

Preprint

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Once believed to be a commensal bacteria, Enterococcus faecium has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen worldwide. A recent outbreak of E. faecium unrevealed natural and in vitro resistance against a myriad of antibiotics namely ampicillin, gentamicin and vancomycin due to over-exposure of the pathogen to these antibiotics. This fact combined with the ongoing threat demands the identification of new therapeutic targets to combat E. faecium infections.In this present study, comparative proteome analysis, subtractive genomic approach, metabolic pathway analysis and additional drug prioritizing parameters were used to propose a potential novel drug targets for E. faecium strain DO. Comparative genomic analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotated metabolic pathways identified a total of 207 putative target proteins in E. faecium DO that showed no similarity to human proteins. Among them 105 proteins were identified as essential novel proteins that could serve as potential drug targets through further bioinformatic approaches; such as-prediction of subcellular localization, calculation of molecular weight, and web-based investigation of 3D structural characterization. Eventually 19 non-homologous essential proteins of E. faecium DO were prioritized and proved to have the eligibility to become novel broad-spectrum antibiotic targets. Among these targets aldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase was found to be involved in maximum pathways, and therefore, was chosen as novel drug target. Interestingly, aldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme contains two domains namely acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase, on which a 3D structure homology modeling and in silico molecular docking were performed. Finally, eight molecules were confirmed as the most suitable ligands for aldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase and hence proposed as the potential inhibitors of this target.In conclusion, being human non-homologous, aldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase protein can be targeted for potential therapeutic drug development in future. However, laboratory based experimental research should be performed to validate our findings in vivo.

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Enterococcus hirae‐related acute pyelonephritis and cholangitis with bacteremia: An unusual infection in humans

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis with Sepsis Caused byEnterococcus hirae

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis with Sepsis Caused byEnterococcus hirae

Acute Pyelonephritis with Enterococcus hirae and Literature Review

In Silicoidentification of potential drug targets by subtractive genome analysis ofEnterococcus faecium DO

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