<i>Erwinia amylovora</i> Type Three–Secreted Proteins Trigger Cell Death and Defense Responses in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Degrave, Alexandre; Fagard, Mathilde; Perino, C.; Brisset, M.N.; Gaubert, Stéphane; Laroche, Sandrine; Patrit, Oriane; Barny, Marie‐Anne

doi:10.1094/mpmi-21-8-1076

Cited by 40 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The same defense signaling pathways take place after E. amylovora inoculation in Arabidopsis [30]. To dissect the response of nrt2.6-1 mutant and CM lines to E. amylovora infection, we chose to study the expression of the following marker genes: AtrbohD (Respiratory Burst Oxydase Homologue D), known to be involved in ROS production, SID2 (Salicylic acid Induction Deficient 2), coding for an isochorismate synthase of the salicylic acid (SA) synthesis pathway, PR2 (Pathogenesis Related protein 2) also called BGL2 (ß-Glucanase 2) which has been associated with prograµmed cell death (PCD), PR1 (Pathogenesis Related protein 1), an SA-induced gene and NHO1 (Non-Host 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Characterization of the Nrt2.6 Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: A Link with Plant Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stress

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The high affinity nitrate transport system in Arabidopsis thaliana involves one gene and potentially seven genes from the NRT1 and NRT2 family, respectively. Among them, NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4 and NRT2.7 proteins have been shown to transport nitrate and are localized on the plasmalemma or the tonoplast membranes. NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 play a role in nitrate uptake from soil solution by root cells while NRT2.7 is responsible for nitrate loading in the seed vacuole. We have undertaken the functional characterization of a third member of the family, the NRT2.6 gene. NRT2.6 was weakly expressed in most plant organs and its expression was higher in vegetative organs than in reproductive organs. Contrary to other NRT2 members, NRT2.6 expression was not induced by limiting but rather by high nitrogen levels, and no nitrate-related phenotype was found in the nrt2.6-1 mutant. Consistently, the over-expression of the gene failed to complement the nitrate uptake defect of an nrt2.1-nrt2.2 double mutant. The NRT2.6 expression is induced after inoculation of Arabidopsis thaliana by the phytopathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora. Interestingly, plants with a decreased NRT2.6 expression showed a lower tolerance to pathogen attack. A correlation was found between NRT2.6 expression and ROS species accumulation in response to infection by E. amylovora and treatment with the redox-active herbicide methyl viologen, suggesting a probable link between NRT2.6 activity and the production of ROS in response to biotic and abiotic stress.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Characterization of the Nrt2.6 Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: A Link with Plant Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stress

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Detection method of mainly intracellular H 2 O 2 using 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was adapted from Zhang et al [39] as described by Degrave et al [52]. Inoculated leaves were harvested for staining each day during 3 days post inoculation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Plant bos1 Mutant Highlights Necrosis as an Efficient Defence Mechanism during D. dadantii/Arabidospis thaliana Interaction

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dickeya dadantii is a broad host range phytopathogenic bacterium provoking soft rot disease on many plants including Arabidopsis. We showed that, after D. dadantii infection, the expression of the Arabidopsis BOS1 gene was specifically induced by the production of the bacterial PelB/C pectinases able to degrade pectin. This prompted us to analyze the interaction between the bos1 mutant and D. dadantii. The phenotype of the infected bos1 mutant is complex. Indeed, maceration symptoms occurred more rapidly in the bos1 mutant than in the wild type parent but at a later stage of infection, a necrosis developed around the inoculation site that provoked a halt in the progression of the maceration. This necrosis became systemic and spread throughout the whole plant, a phenotype reminiscent of that observed in some lesion mimic mutants. In accordance with the progression of maceration symptoms, bacterial population began to grow more rapidly in the bos1 mutant than in the wild type plant but, when necrosis appeared in the bos1 mutant, a reduction in bacterial population was observed. From the plant side, this complex interaction between D. dadantii and its host includes an early plant defence response that comprises reactive oxygen species (ROS) production accompanied by the reinforcement of the plant cell wall by protein cross-linking. At later timepoints, another plant defence is raised by the death of the plant cells surrounding the inoculation site. This plant cell death appears to constitute an efficient defence mechanism induced by D. dadantii during Arabidopsis infection.

show abstract

“…To test this hypothesis, in situ detection of ROS was performed using the fluorescence dye 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), which is sensitive to intracellular ROS (Degrave et al, 2008;Queval et al, 2008;Jambunathan, 2010). Illuminated intact leaves of wild-type and nadC plants were infiltrated with Q and 48 h later challenged with Pst-AvrRpm1 (Supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Elevated Nad Is Associated With An Oxidative Burstmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ detection of mainly intracellular ROS was conducted in vivo by DCFH-DA (Sigma-Aldrich) staining as described previously (Fagard et al, 2007;Degrave et al, 2008). Intact leaves treated with mock solution (10 mM MgCl 2 or MgSO 4 ), infected with Pst-AvrRpm1/D.…”

Section: Histochemical Detection Of Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

NAD Acts as an Integral Regulator of Multiple Defense Layers

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(J.T.).Pyridine nucleotides, such as NAD, are crucial redox carriers and have emerged as important signaling molecules in stress responses. Previously, we have demonstrated in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that the inducible NAD-overproducing nadC lines are more resistant to an avirulent strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst-AvrRpm1), which was associated with salicylic acid-dependent defense. Here, we have further characterized the NAD-dependent immune response in Arabidopsis. Quinolinate-induced stimulation of intracellular NAD in transgenic nadC plants enhanced resistance against a diverse range of (a)virulent pathogens, including Pst-AvrRpt2, Dickeya dadantii, and Botrytis cinerea. Characterization of the redox status demonstrated that elevated NAD levels induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the expression of redox marker genes of the cytosol and mitochondrion. Using pharmacological and reverse genetics approaches, we show that NAD-induced ROS production functions independently of NADPH oxidase activity and light metabolism but depends on mitochondrial respiration, which was increased at higher NAD. We further demonstrate that NAD primes pathogen-induced callose deposition and cell death. Mass spectrometry analysis reveals that NAD simultaneously induces different defense hormones and that the NAD-induced metabolic profiles are similar to those of defense-expressing plants after treatment with pathogen-associated molecular patterns. We thus conclude that NAD triggers metabolic profiles rather similar to that of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and discuss how signaling cross talk between defense hormones, ROS, and NAD explains the observed resistance to pathogens.

show abstract

Erwinia amylovora Type Three–Secreted Proteins Trigger Cell Death and Defense Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 40 publications

References 56 publications

Characterization of the Nrt2.6 Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: A Link with Plant Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stress

Characterization of the Nrt2.6 Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: A Link with Plant Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stress

Analysis of the Plant bos1 Mutant Highlights Necrosis as an Efficient Defence Mechanism during D. dadantii/Arabidospis thaliana Interaction

NAD Acts as an Integral Regulator of Multiple Defense Layers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About