<i>Ethical Principles</i> and <i>Standards</i>: A Racial‐Ethnic Minority Research Perspective

Casas, J. Manuel; Thompson, Chalmer E.

doi:10.1002/j.2161-007x.1991.tb00990.x

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Finally, these efforts may have helped begin to address mistrust East Harlem community members have of research and researchers. Members of minority populations may have a “healthy paranoia” of researchers and outside organizations, given a history of racism, marginalization of minority communities by health care systems, and past experiences having researchers enter their community, collect data, provide no direct benefits, and leave without giving feedback or taking noticeable actions 20,21 . The local sense of ownership we aimed to achieve and maintain may help our coalition avoid this fate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A community-centered approach to diabetes in east harlem

2003

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OBJECTIVE: Residents of East Harlem, an impoverished, nonwhite community in New York city (NYC), have up to 5 times the mortality and complication rates of diabetes compared with NYC residents overall. To determine potentially remediable problems underlying this condition, a community-based collaboration of health providers, community advocates, and researchers, surveyed East Harlem residents with diabetes to assess their knowledge, behaviors, barriers to care, and actions taken in response to barriers. DESIGN: Telephone interviews.SETTING: The 3 hospitals and 2 community clinics serving East Harlem.PARTICIPANTS: Nine hundred thirty-nine of the 1,423 persons (66%) with diabetes identified from these 5 healthcare sites with 2 or more ambulatory visits for diabetes during 1998 who lived in East Harlem. RESULTS:While most respondents (90%) said they know how to take their medicines, between 19% and 39% do not understand other aspects of their diabetes management. Many limit their diabetes care due to concerns about money (16% to 40%), and other barriers, such as language and transportation (19% to 22%). In multivariate analyses, Latinos (relative risk [RR] = 0.77; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.63 to 0.91) and those who do not keep a diabetic diet due to concerns about money (RR = 0.85; 95% CI 0.70 to 0.99) had poorer health status. CONCLUSIONS:A community-based coalition was able to come together, identify areas of concern in diabetes care and assess the needs of adults with diabetes residing and obtaining care in East Harlem. The coalition found that even among those with access to care there remain significant financial barriers to good diabetes care, and a need to address and optimize how individuals with diabetes manage their disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A community-centered approach to diabetes in east harlem

2003

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“…Privacy decisions are also complicated by ethnic variation in attitudes regarding information sharing between parents and children ( IOM 2005 ). For example, in some cultural groups, an investigator’s failure to provide information about a child’s health would be considered disrespectful of the parental role, whereas in other cultural groups disclosure of private information to family members is considered an intrusion on the parent–child relationship ( Casas and Thompson 1991 ; Fisher 2002 , 2003b ; Fisher and Ragsdale 2006 ; Oetting and Beauvais 1990 ). Moreover, ethnic minority families, especially recently immigrated families, may be unfamiliar with local, state, and federal reporting laws regarding child abuse and neglect.…”

Section: Cultural Attitudes Toward Shared Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy and Ethics in Pediatric Environmental Health Research—Part I: Genetic and Prenatal Testing

Fisher

2006

Environ Health Perspect

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The pressing need for empirically informed public policies aimed at understanding and promoting children’s health has challenged environmental scientists to modify traditional research paradigms and reevaluate their roles and obligations toward research participants. Methodologic approaches to children’s environmental health research raise ethical challenges for which federal regulations may provide insufficient guidance. In this article I begin with a general discussion of privacy concerns and informed consent within pediatric environmental health research contexts. I then turn to specific ethical challenges associated with research on genetic determinants of environmental risk, prenatal studies and maternal privacy, and data causing inflicted insight or affecting the informational rights of third parties.

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“…These therapists demonstrated a preference for the interpersonal-focused care model of ethical decision making that Casas and Thompson (1991) and Stake and Oliver (1991) recommended for resolving the complex interpersonal relationship issues confronted by individual therapists. In each of the dilemmas, both groups of therapists placed emphasis on meeting the client's/ family's needs and maintaining the relationship with the client.…”

Section: Discussion/recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would indicate that practicing therapists, regardless of theoretical orientation, have adopted a model of decision making that focuses on values identified with an ethic of care. These therapists demonstrated a preference for the interpersonal-focused care model of ethical decision making that Casas and Thompson (1991) and Stake and Oliver (1991) recommended for resolving the complex interpersonal relationship issues confronted by individual therapists.…”

Section: Discussion/recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The code of ethics developed by the American Psychological Association (APA), the largest individual therapy group represented in this study, provides speciality guidelines for counseling practice (Corey, Corey, & Callanan, 1984). In a critique of the philosophical premises of the APA guidelines, Casas and Thompson (1991) conclude that they are based on individually oriented assumptions. Becvar and Becvar (1996) discuss the world view of individual psychology theories.…”

Section: Individual Therapy Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethical Decision Making among Family Therapists and Individual Therapists*

Newfield¹,

Newfield

Sperry

et al. 2000

Family Process

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In this study, we investigated the ethical decision making of 30 individual and 30 family therapists in order to detect the types of decision making used by practicing therapists. Informants responded to three ethical dilemmas. Two of the situations were hypothetical. The third dilemma was a situation the informant had experienced in practice. Each interview was assessed for decision-making style, using content analysis. Kohlberg's justice reasoning and Gilligan's care reasoning provided the conceptual foundations for this analysis. The results suggest that both family and individual therapists prefer care reasoning on all dilemma types. There was significantly more care reasoning demonstrated on the personal dilemma than on the hypothetical dilemmas. Characteristics of informants did not provide clear explanations for the differences found in reasoning.

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Ethical Principles and Standards: A Racial‐Ethnic Minority Research Perspective

Abstract: This article directs attention to philosophical changes that if implemented would make Ethical Principles and Standards more responsive and relevant to the pragmatic research needs of minorities.

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

A community-centered approach to diabetes in east harlem

A community-centered approach to diabetes in east harlem

Privacy and Ethics in Pediatric Environmental Health Research—Part I: Genetic and Prenatal Testing

Ethical Decision Making among Family Therapists and Individual Therapists*

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