Eucalyptus red grandis pretreatment with protic ionic liquids: effect of severity and influence of sub/super-critical CO₂ atmosphere on pretreatment performance

Abstract

Deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass with low-cost ionic liquids (ILs) has proven to be a promising technology that could be implemented in a biorefinery to obtain renewable materials, fuels and chemicals.

Design of a combined ionosolv-organosolv biomass fractionation process for biofuel production and high value-added lignin valorisation

“…Furthermore, if there is excess heat available, there will not be any benefits of using other solvents unless they are already being produced or used in the industrial facility, as there would not be a need to reduce the energy consumption. 44,83 The energy that could be obtained from lignin if used as a fuel was calculated assuming 100% efficiency in the boiler (24.6 ± 0.9 MJ kg −1 , average HHV value for ionoSolv Miscanthus lignins). 29 This was normalized to the energy required to regenerate the IL under the simulation assumptions and shown as triangles in Fig.…”

Toward a Circular Economy: Decontamination and Valorization of Postconsumer Waste Wood Using the ionoSolv Process

“…31,34 Previous ionoSolv studies have conducted key process intensification work using [HSO 4 ]-based PILs which resulted in a 64 times smaller reactor relative to nonintensified conditions. 35,36 The energy needed to dehydrate the IL back to its initial concentration after lignin precipitation was identified as the largest energy input in the process. 32 An independent future study will be published to highlight the water-energy optimization in the ionoSolv process.…”

“…The price of 1-methylimidazolium chloride [H 1 Cim]Cl which is currently used by BASF at scale is slightly higher (ca. $3 kg –1 ) because of the higher cost of HCl as a precursor, yet still considered reasonably moderate price. , Previous ionoSolv studies have conducted key process intensification work using [HSO 4 ]-based PILs which resulted in a 64 times smaller reactor relative to nonintensified conditions. , The energy needed to dehydrate the IL back to its initial concentration after lignin precipitation was identified as the largest energy input in the process . An independent future study will be published to highlight the water-energy optimization in the ionoSolv process.…”

Rhododendron and Japanese Knotweed: invasive species as innovative crops for second generation biofuels for the ionoSolv process

“…Efforts to investigate and study invasive species as a biofuel feedstock are still scarcely present in the scientific literature, mainly for African and North American species. 48–50 Here, we demonstrate that the ionoSolv process is feedstock agnostic, and provide characterisation of two UK invasive species as lignocellulosic feedstocks. These species can be integrated into a flexible biorefinery process to produce revenue from species that are an environmental threat and economic burden, contributing to the incentive to remove them from a site.…”