Ex VivoAntioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants against Fenton Reaction-Mediated Oxidation of Biological Lipid Substrates

Abstract

Free radical-mediated oxidation is often linked to various degenerative diseases. Biological substrates with lipids as major components are susceptible to oxygen-derived lipid peroxidation due to their composition. Lipid peroxide products act as biomarkers in evaluating the antioxidant potential of various plants and functional foods. The study focused on evaluation of the antioxidant potential of two extracts (methanol and 80% methanol) of four medicinal plants, Andrographis paniculata, Costus speciosus, Canthium parviflorum, and Abrus precatorius, against Fenton reaction-mediated oxidation of three biological lipid substrates; cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and brain homogenate. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method. Also, the correlation between the polyphenol, flavonoid content, and the antioxidant activity in biological substrates was analyzed. Results indicated highest antioxidant potential by 80% methanol extract of Canthium parviflorum (97.55%), methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata (72.15%), and methanol extract of Canthium parviflorum (49.55%) in cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and brain, respectively. The polyphenol and flavonoid contents of methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata in cholesterol (r = 0.816) and low-density lipoprotein (r = 0.948) and Costus speciosus in brain (r = 0.977, polyphenols, and r = 0.949, flavonoids) correlated well with the antioxidant activity. The findings prove the antioxidant potential of the selected medicinal plants against Fenton reaction in biological lipid substrates.

Medicinal plants of the Western ghats as possible inhibitors of oxidation in various biological lipid substrates

“…Cholesterol was obtained from a commercial source and dissolved in ethanol to a known concentration of 10 mg/ml and stored at 0 o C until further use (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2015). 300 µl of the substrate was taken for the experiment.…”

“…The plasma layer was separated followed by the addition KBr. 9 ml saline was added to the tubes and ultracentrifuged (Thermoscientific, Pune) at 43,000 rpm for 3 h at The preparation of brain homogenate was as per our previously published work (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2015). Permission from Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of the University of Mysore was obtained for the study (UOM/IAEC/04/2013 dated: 28-09-2013).…”

“…The antioxidant effect of these medicinal plants in biological substrates such as microsomes, red blood cells (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2014) and lipid substrates such as cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and brain homogenate was evaluated and positive results were obtained (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2015). This study was conducted in continuation with our previously published work (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2015) with the major objective of evaluating the antioxidant activity, using aqueous extracts of the AnP, CS, CP and AP.…”

“…In our laboratory, plants such as Morus indica (Arabshahi-Dlouee and Urooj, 2007), Ziziphus jujuba Mill (Esteki and Urooj, 2012) and Moringa oleifera (Reddy et al, 2005) and medicinal plants of the Western ghats such as Andrographis paniculata (AnP) (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2014;Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2015), Costus speciosus (CS) (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2014;Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2015), Canthium parviflorum (CP) (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2014; and Abrus precatorius (AP) (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2014; have been evaluated for various biological activities by in vitro and in vivo experiments. This study was conducted as part of our attempt to explore the antioxidant activity of medicinal plants of the Western ghats in different food and biological systems.…”

“…This study was conducted in continuation with our previously published work (Pai Kotebagilu et al, 2015) with the major objective of evaluating the antioxidant activity, using aqueous extracts of the AnP, CS, CP and AP. Though there are several studies reporting various biological activities of these medicinal plants, there are fewer studies on the protective effect of these medicinal plants in biological lipid substrates.…”