Ex Vivo Study of Laban's Role in Decreasing Hemolysis Crisis in G6PD-Deficient Patients

Abstract

In spite of the vast nutritional and environmental benefits provided by fava bean (Vicia faba), the ingestion of vicine/convicine provokes an acute hemolytic anemia called favism in individuals with a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The elimination of these glycosides is a goal that could be accomplished using different processing methods including bacteriological treatment. Laban as a good source of lactic acid bacteria was tested in an ex vivo assay on human blood samples in order to determine its capacity in decreasing the hemolysis crisis induced by the ingestion of fava beans. Results indicate a significant decrease in human blood cell hemolysis after the treatment of fava beans by Laban. This decrease in hemolysis was also correlated with the G6PD deficiency categorization. The highest hemolysis level (mean: 23.11 ± 0.76%) was observed in samples with G6PD activity between 10 and 30%, while the lowest hemolysis level (mean: 5.75 ± 0.64%) was observed in samples with G6PD activity more than 60%. This decrease was correlated with a high antioxidant capacity of Laban (51.61 ± 1.13% expressed by the percentage inhibition of DPPH radical). The counts of isolates from MRS and M17 culture plates were 6.75 ± 0.095 and 7.91 ± 0.061 log cfu ml–1, respectively. In conclusion, the synergy between the antioxidant properties of Laban and the possible decrease of vicine and convicine concentrations by lactobacillus found in the fermented dairy products could explain the ability of Laban to reduce the hemolysis crisis ex vivo.

Pickled olives neutralize vicine and convicine glycosides in Vicia faba and protect from favism

“…There were 2 regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (rSNPs) correlated with vicine and convicine in V. faba and these 2 rSNP controlled vicine and convicine content of Vicia fab a (Heinrich et al , 2020). Laban decreased vicine and convicine concentrations of V. faba (Zam and Belal, 2020). The vicine and convicine were identified in faba bean protein-rich flour but not in faba bean protein isolate (Vogelsang-O'Dwyer et al , 2020).…”

Metabolic profiling reveals alterations in the erythrocyte response to fava bean ingestion in G6PD‐deficient mice

“…G6PD is a critical enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which is the only source of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in erythrocytes 4 . G6PD deficiency can increase the vulnerability of erythrocytes to oxidative damage due to lack of NADPH 5,6 …”

“…4 G6PD deficiency can increase the vulnerability of erythrocytes to oxidative damage due to lack of NADPH. 5,6 Fava beans are a valuable food resource because of their abundant and reasonably well balanced protein content. 7 The major drawback of FBs comes from their hemotoxicity, which is associated with the deleterious effects of divicine and isouramil in vitro, including irreversible depletion of cellular reduced glutathione (GSH) and elevated levels of methemoglobin, inducing oxidative damage to hemoglobin and the cell membrane.…”