Festuca arundinacea Schreber (F. elatior L. ssp. arundinacea (Schreber) Hackel)

Gibson, David J.; Newman, Jonathan A.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2001.00561.x

Cited by 68 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…Festuca arundinacea, commonly referred to as tall fescue, is widely distributed globally as forage and an invasive grass species (Gibson and Newman, 2001) and can adapt to a wide range of conditions. In 2016, F. arundinacea (Callina RAGT Semences) was grown in three chambers under three conditions of RH (ca.…”

Section: Samples From the Growth Chamber Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The triple oxygen isotope composition of phytoliths as a proxy of continental atmospheric humidity: insights from climate chamber and climate transect calibrations

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Continental atmospheric relative humidity (RH) is a key climate parameter. Combined with atmospheric temperature, it allows us to estimate the concentration of atmospheric water vapor, which is one of the main components of the global water cycle and the most important gas contributing to the natural greenhouse effect. However, there is a lack of proxies suitable for reconstructing, in a quantitative way, past changes of continental atmospheric humidity. This reduces the possibility of making model-data comparisons necessary for the implementation of climate models. Over the past 10 years, analytical developments have enabled a few laboratories to reach sufficient precision for measuring the triple oxygen isotopes, expressed by the 17 O-excess ( 17 O-excess = ln (δ 17 O + 1) -0.528 × ln (δ 18 O + 1)), in water, water vapor and minerals. The 17 O-excess represents an alternative to deuterium-excess for investigating relative humidity conditions that prevail during water evaporation. Phytoliths are micrometric amorphous silica particles that form continuously in living plants. Phytolith morphological assemblages from soils and sediments are commonly used as past vegetation and hydrous stress indicators. In the present study, we examine whether changes in atmospheric RH imprint the 17 O-excess of phytoliths in a measurable way and whether this imprint offers a potential for reconstructing past RH. For that purpose, we first monitored the 17 O-excess evolution of soil water, grass leaf water and grass phytoliths in response to changes in RH (from 40 to 100 %) in a growth chamber experiment where transpiration reached a steady state. Decreasing RH from 80 to 40 % decreases the 17 Oexcess of phytoliths by 4.1 per meg/% as a result of kinetic fractionation of the leaf water subject to evaporation. In order to model with accuracy the triple oxygen isotope fractionation in play in plant water and in phytoliths we recommend direct and continuous measurements of the triple isotope composition of water vapor. Then, we measured the 17 O-excess of 57 phytolith assemblages collected from top soils along a RH and vegetation transect in inter-tropical West and Central Africa. Although scattered, the 17 O-excess of phytoliths decreases with RH by 3.4 per meg/%. The similarity of the trends observed in the growth chamber and nature supports that RH is an important control of 17 O-excess of phytoliths in the natural environment. However, other parameters such as changes in the triple isotope composition of the soil water or phytolith origin in the plant may come into play. Assessment of these parameters through additional growth chambers experiments and field campaigns will bring us closer to an accurate proxy of changes in relative humidity.

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Section: Samples From the Growth Chamber Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The triple oxygen isotope composition of phytoliths as a proxy of continental atmospheric humidity: insights from climate chamber and climate transect calibrations

et al. 2018

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“…Department of Agriculture, 1948). Schedonorus phoenix is especially well adapted to rough ground and a variety of soil types (Gibson & Newman, 2001). The preferred habitat is along open riverbanks, roadsides, edges of fields, prairies, and pastures (Kaufman & Kaufman, 2007).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preferred habitat is along open riverbanks, roadsides, edges of fields, prairies, and pastures (Kaufman & Kaufman, 2007). Schedonorus phoenix is used primarily for forage, silage and hay (Gibson & Newman, 2001). …”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Competitive Response of Panicum virgatum Cultivars to Non-Native Invasive Species

Schwartz

Gibson²

2014

ENRR

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It is important to use the most appropriate plant cultivar in restoration or biofuel trials especially when plantings are likely to be invaded by undesirable species. In this study, the competitive response of two lowland and three upland cultivars of the dominant C 4 grass Panicum virgatum to three invasive species (Bromus inermis, Schedonorus phoenix, and Poa pratensis) was tested using a simple pair-wise greenhouse experiment. Response variables (height, number of leaves, tiller density, and biomass of P. virgatum) and resources (soil moisture and light intensity) were measured over a seven-month period. Performance of the different P. virgatum cultivars were differentially reduced by the three invasive species, especially the performance of the Kanlow (lowland) and Blackwell (upland) cultivars. Low soil moisture reduced the performance of P. virgatum in the presence of only one invasive (Bromus inermis) irrespective of cultivar source. Root, shoot, and total biomass depended on cultivar and did not show an interaction with invasive species identity. The results of this greenhouse study suggest that the P. virgatum cultivars differentially responded to the invasive species and that the cultivar used should be considered carefully in planning prairie restorations or biofuel trials in the context of likely invasive species.

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“…Bacon and Siegel 1988;Siegel 1993;Clay 1998). Studies of F. arundinacea are of particular importance since, while native to Europe, it is widely planted in temperate regions of the world, providing a mosaic of endophyte-infected and endophyte-free populations (Gibson and Newman 2001;Spyreas et al 2001).…”

Section: Manuscript Received March 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Endophyte Infection in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea: Poaceae) on Community Diversity

Spyreas¹,

Gibson

Middleton

2001

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Recent studies have suggested that the presence of endophytes in tall fescue can lead to decreased species richness in the associated plant community. To assess the generality of this hypothesis, a field study tested the effects of endophyte infection on a 3-yr-old successional field dominated by Festuca arundinacea. The potential importance of endophyte infection relative to other environmental factors was tested by including two additional treatments: the effects of soil fertility and mowing. Contrary to previous studies, a positive relationship was found between endophyte infection frequency and diversity ( ,2 N p 23 F p 5.23 R p 0.19 P ! 0.03 strong interaction was found between the mowing treatment and endophyte infection frequency in predicting diversity ( , , , ), where the maximum species richness was present in 2 N p 22 F p 36.1 R p 0.84 P ! 0.0001 plots that were both mowed and highly endophyte infected. The relationship between endophytes and diversity varied through the successional continuum (the mowing treatments) but was generally positive. The soil in mowed plots was drier than in unmowed plots ( , , ). We suggest that heavy mowing t p 2.1 df p 28 P ! 0.05 decreases soil moisture levels enough to reduce the interspecific competitive ability of infected F. arundinacea, thereby promoting local diversity. Endophyte presence is important, but the previously reported negative relationship between endophyte infection and community diversity is probably overly simplistic in complex ecological settings.

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Festuca arundinacea Schreber (F. elatior L. ssp. arundinacea (Schreber) Hackel)

Cited by 68 publications

References 133 publications

The triple oxygen isotope composition of phytoliths as a proxy of continental atmospheric humidity: insights from climate chamber and climate transect calibrations

The triple oxygen isotope composition of phytoliths as a proxy of continental atmospheric humidity: insights from climate chamber and climate transect calibrations

The Competitive Response of Panicum virgatum Cultivars to Non-Native Invasive Species

Effects of Endophyte Infection in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea: Poaceae) on Community Diversity

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