Ficus Dammaropsis and the multibracteate species of ficus sect. sycocarpus

Abstract

The syconium of F. dammaropsis (New Guinea) is presented as the the primitive state of this structure in the advanced sect. Sycocarpus. The rare F. griffithii (Burma, Thailand) may be related to F. dammaropsis or to F. auriculata (sect. Neomorphe ). Subser. Praestantes , Fulvidulae , Geocarpicae , and Axillares are considered in their alliance with F. dammaropsis. Entomological evidence largely supports the botanical. Geocarpy is shown to be a consequence of leptocaul cauliflory. Subsect. Macrostyla provides a theory of the protoblastophagous syconium with emergent female styles.

<I>Ficus schwarzii</I> redefined and two new species of <I>Ficus</I> (<I>Moraceae</I>) from Sulawesi (Indonesia) described

“…(in contrast to the common state of material to be included in F. rosulata) and "close to F. menadana Miq. ", a synonym of F. congesta Roxb., as well as the published note (Corner 1960), indicate that the situation with regard to the material and species in Sulawesi was not quite clear when Corner decided to apply the name F. schwarzii also to collections outside Sulawesi (and by then mostly identified as F. miquelii King).…”

“…Sycomorus made in Sulawesi in 2007, led to re-examination of Sulawesi material included in F. schwarzii Koord. (Corner 1960). The first result is the decision to exclude the collections made in the area ranging from Myanmar to Borneo and the re-establishment of a new species, F. rosulata (Berg 2010), which is a lowland species, occurring at altitudes up to 600 m. The remainder, material collected in Sulawesi at altitudes up to 2000 m (in montane forest), proved to be heterogeneous morphologically.…”

Corrective notes on the Malesian members of the genus <I>Ficus</I> (<I>Moraceae</I>)

“…Identification of some recent Ficus collections from Sulawesi led to a re-evaluation of F. schwarzii Koord., as defined by Corner (1960b) and, hence, adopted for the Flora Malesiana treatment of the genus (Berg & Corner 2005). The concept proved to be wrong as it comprised several species of which one, comprising all material collected outside Sulawesi, is to be named F. rosulata C.C.…”

Redefinition of <I>Ficus schwarzii</I> and two new species of <I>Ficus</I> (<I>Moraceae</I>)

“…Most collections made outside Sulawesi had initially been identified as F. miquelii King by Corner (1933Corner ( : 34, t 18 -19, 1939Corner ( : 286, 1960. It was in late stage of the revisional work that Corner adopted the name F. schwarzii for this material (Corner 1960). Notes on the sheets as "hairy styles!"…”

“…These studies are mostly triggered by examination of additional herbarium material, like that recently collected by Culmsee in the framework of the project of the Collaborative Research Centre SFB 552 at the University of Göttingen in Sulawesi. Attempts to identify these collections led to a reconsideration of the delimitation of F. schwarzii Koord., which, in the concept developed by Corner (1933Corner ( , 1939Corner ( , 1960) and adopted in the Flora Malesiana treatment (Berg & Corner 2005), is a species ranging from Myanmar to Sulawesi. Most collections made outside Sulawesi had initially been identified as F. miquelii King by Corner (1933Corner ( : 34, t 18 -19, 1939Corner ( : 286, 1960.…”