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In C.Q,. xxii (1972), 199 Professor R. G. Austin has drawn attention to the short at the front, unusually long at the back. It must be related to that other heroic ‘long back and sides’, the Theseis, which is described by Plutarch (Thes. 5) who compares Homer's Abantes Il. 2. 542, and adds by way of explanation that the custom was not learnt from the Arabes, as some think, nor from the Mysians (which incidentally explains Hector), but because the Abantes liked close combat and short front hair denied their adversaries a hand hold. The same explanation probably serves the Hectorean hair style.
In C.Q,. xxii (1972), 199 Professor R. G. Austin has drawn attention to the short at the front, unusually long at the back. It must be related to that other heroic ‘long back and sides’, the Theseis, which is described by Plutarch (Thes. 5) who compares Homer's Abantes Il. 2. 542, and adds by way of explanation that the custom was not learnt from the Arabes, as some think, nor from the Mysians (which incidentally explains Hector), but because the Abantes liked close combat and short front hair denied their adversaries a hand hold. The same explanation probably serves the Hectorean hair style.
In recent years Archaic Greek warfare has become one of the issues most often raised among scholars focused on Ancient Greece in general. Questions about the emergence of the phalanx, evolution of fighting styles and types of weapons feature prominently in the mentioned discourse. The considerations of the provenance of these innovations certainly do not go beyond the frames of that debate. Taking the vast scope of interactions between the Near East and the widely understood Greek world into account, presuming the possible presence of the Near-Eastern influences in Archaic Greek warfare seems to be legitimate. The aim of this paper is an attempt to point out archaeologically traceable solutions in the terms of weapons and tactics in Greek warfare which may have been drawn from the Oriental area and assess their potential significance for the development of Greek warfare.
To judge from Greek literary sources, to be wounded in the back was shameful, for it connoted that the victim had failed to stand firm in battle and turned to flight. It is of interest, therefore, to survey the numerous representations of battle on Attic red-figure vases to see whether this negative aspect is manifest in the visual realm. It transpires that there is no consistent effort by Athenian vase-painters to imbue back wounds with a pejorative or negative aspect, even when a clearly identifiable enemy is depicted. Much more striking, however, is a clear distinction between deaths on and off the battlefield, and it is with the latter that we may observe a negative presentation of death. À en juger par les sources littéraires grecques, le fait d’être blessé au dos était honteux, parce qu’il révélait que la victime avait failli à rester ferme dans la bataille et qu’elle s’était retournée pour fuir. Cependant, il est intéressant de parcourir les nombreuses représentations de batailles sur les vases attiques à figure rouge, pour voir si cet aspect négatif est manifeste dans le domaine visuel. Il apparaît qu’il n’y a pas d’effort conséquent de la part des peintres athéniens pour associer les blessures au dos avec un aspect péjoratif ou négatif, et ce, même si un ennemi clairement identifiable est représenté. Beaucoup plus frappante, en fait, est la claire distinction entre les morts sur et hors du champ de bataille; c’est avec ces derniers que nous pouvons observer une présentation négative de la mort.
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