Forsythia suspensa extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory liver injury in rats via promoting antioxidant defense mechanisms

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to have a role in inflammation. We investigated whether Forsythia suspensa extract (FSE) could exert its antioxidant potential against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory liver injury in rats. Rats were orally fed FSE once daily for 7 consecutive days prior to LPS (Escherichia coli, serotype O55:B5) injection. LPS treatment caused liver dysfunction as evidenced by massive histopathological changes and increased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities which were ameliorated by FSE pretreatment. FSE attenuated LPS-induced depletion of cytosolic nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and suppression of Nrf2 nuclear translocation in liver, and the generation of ROS and malondialdehyde in serum and liver. FSE increased the Nrf2-mediated induction of heme oxygenase-1 in liver, as well as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in serum and liver. Importantly, FSE attenuated LPS-induced nuclear factor-кB (NF-кB) nuclear translocation in liver, and subsequently decreased tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels in serum and liver, which were associated with FSE-induced activation of Nrf2 in liver. These results indicate that the protective mechanisms of FSE may be involved in the attenuation of oxidative stress and the inhibition of the NF-кB-mediated inflammatory response by modulating the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response against LPS-induced inflammatory liver injury.

Hydroethanolic Extract of Buchholzia coriacea Seeds Alleviates LPS Induced Liver Injury in Rat via Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Actions

“…However, pre treatment with three doses of HEBCS significantly reversed the observed increase in serum TNF-α to a level comparable to t control animals. These observations are similar to those reported previously by Ajuwon et al [42] and Zhao et al [43].…”

“…LPS -induced acute liver injury is frequently accompanied by a high level of oxidative stress due to the production of ROS and RNS such as: Ÿ , H 2 O 2 , NO and resulting in depletion of hepatic redox regulatory molecules most importantly, the GSH [43,45,46]. The NADPH Oxidases (NOXs) have been identified as vital components involved in the initiation of the immune response to bacterial LPS [47].…”

Forsythiae Fructus: A Review on its Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics

“…According to Taiwan’s nationwide prescription database, Forsythiae Fructus has been listed in the top 10 most commonly used single herbs for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (15.9%), urticaria (11.49–13.4%) and acne (22.3%) [ 5 , 156 , 157 ]. Recently, numerous studies have found that ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of Forsythiae Fructus exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ]. In addition, its volatiles showed an anti-inflammatory effect in models of mouse ear-swelling, mouse celiac capillary permeability, rat paw-swelling, rat hind paw edema, oleic acid-stimulated acute lung injury and rat cotton pellet granuloma by inhibiting the release of prostaglandin 2 (PGE2), histamine and serotonin [ 99 ].…”

Forsythia suspensa extract enhances performance via the improvement of nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory function, and gut morphology in broilers

“…Among them, Forsythia suspensa is widely used in animal production. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies in our laboratory have revealed the mechanism of action and specific application of F. suspensa extracts ( FSE ) are related to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and antibacterial effects ( Wang et al., 2008 , Lu et al., 2010 , Zhang et al., 2013 , Zhao et al., 2017a ). In vivo studies showed that FSE might improve immune function, antioxidant capacity, and gut morphology in broilers ( Wang et al., 2008 , Han et al., 2012 , Zhang et al., 2013 ).…”