<i>FUSARIUM</i> MOLDS AND THEIR MYCOTOXINS

Nijs, Monique de; Rombouts, F.M.; Notermans, S.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1996.tb00150.x

Cited by 51 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…In other regions of the world, such as North America and Europe, nivalenol-producing strains of G. zeae are usually rare (22). Other species found in several of the samples include F. semitectum and F. equiseti, both of which are generally weak pathogens common to subtropical areas and have previously been isolated from rice in Nepal (17) and in other Asian countries (5,8,30,35). Other species recovered in low numbers were the common cereal pathogens F. acuminatum and F. avenaceum, and F. chlamydosporum and F. oxysporum, which have previously been isolated from rice from Asia (5,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Species from Nepalese Rice and Production of Mycotoxins and Gibberellic Acid by Selected Species

Desjardins

Manandhar

Plattner

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

215

136

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Infection of cereal grains with Fusarium species can cause contamination with mycotoxins that affect human and animal health. To determine the potential for mycotoxin contamination, we isolated Fusarium species from samples of rice seeds that were collected in 1997 on farms in the foothills of the Nepal Himalaya. The predominant Fusarium species in surface-disinfested seeds with husks were species of the Gibberella fujikuroi complex, including G. fujikuroi mating population A (anamorph, Fusarium verticillioides), G. fujikuroi mating population C (anamorph, Fusarium fujikuroi), and G. fujikuroi mating population D (anamorph, Fusarium proliferatum). The widespread occurrence of mating population D suggests that its role in the complex symptoms of bakanae disease of rice may be significant. Other common species were Gibberella zeae (anamorph, Fusarium graminearum) and Fusarium semitectum, with Fusarium acuminatum, Fusarium anguioides, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium chlamydosporum, Fusarium equiseti, and Fusarium oxysporum occasionally present. Strains of mating population C produced beauvericin, moniliformin, and gibberellic acid, but little or no fumonisin, whereas strains of mating population D produced beauvericin, fumonisin, and, usually, moniliformin, but no gibberellic acid. Some strains of G. zeae produced the 8-ketotrichothecene nivalenol, whereas others produced deoxynivalenol. Despite the occurrence of fumonisin-producing strains of mating population D, and of 8-ketotrichothecene-producing strains of G. zeae, Nepalese rice showed no detectable contamination with these mycotoxins. Effective traditional practices for grain drying and storage may prevent contamination of Nepalese rice with Fusarium mycotoxins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Species from Nepalese Rice and Production of Mycotoxins and Gibberellic Acid by Selected Species

Desjardins

Manandhar

Plattner

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

215

136

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“…All three transformants were restored to production of high levels of deoxynivalenol by transformation-mediated complementation with Tri5. In addition to trichothecenes, G. zeae produces a wide variety of biologically active metabolites, including fusarins, naphthazarins and zearalenone (De Nijs et al, 1996), and mutations that affect their production might affect virulence. However, none of these metabolites has been shown to play a role in wheat pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of aberrant virulence of Gibberella zeae following transformation-mediated complementation of a trichothecene-deficient (Tri5) mutant

et al. 2000

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Gibberella zeae causes wheat ear blight and produces trichothecene toxins in infected grain. In previous studies, trichothecene production in this fungus was disabled by specific disruption of the trichodiene synthase gene (Tri5) and was restored by two methods : gene reversion and transformation-mediated mutant complementation. In previous field tests of wheat ear blight, trichothecene-nonproducing mutants were less virulent than the wild-type progenitor strain from which they were derived. Trichothecene-producing revertants also were restored to wild-type levels of virulence. In contrast, in the field test of wheat ear blight reported here, trichothecene-producing strains obtained by Tri5 mutant complementation were not restored to wildtype levels of virulence. The complemented mutants showed a slightly reduced radial growth compared to the wild-type strain, but otherwise appeared normal in morphology, pigmentation and sexual fertility. Genetic analysis indicated that the aberrant virulence of a complemented mutant was likely due to non-target effects that occurred during the process of transforming the trichothecene-nonproducing mutant with Tri5. These results confirm previous findings that trichothecenes contribute to the virulence of G. zeae, but also demonstrate that manipulating this fungus in the laboratory may cause it to undergo subtle changes that reduce its virulence.

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“…Fusarium mycotoxins are a group of chemically diverse mycotoxins which include trichothecenes such as T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), monoacetoxy-scirpenol (MAS) and deoxynivalenol (DON), in addition to fumonisins, moniliformin, zearalenone (ZEN), fusaric acid, and verrucarin A (De Nus et al, 1996). The effects of Fusarium mycotoxins are varied and include the inhibition of protein synthesis (trichotecenes), sphingolipid biosynthesis (fumonisins) and estrogenic effects (zearalenone).…”

Section: Fusarium Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins in rabbit feed: A review

Mézes

Balogh

2010

World rabbit sci.

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Rabbit meat constitutes a measurable portion of the human diet. Thus, the ingredients used in rabbit feed and their contamination with undesirable substances are fundamentally important both in terms of the quality of the meat and the potential human health impacts associated with the animal-based food-production chain. The inclusion of feed ingredients which are contaminated with toxic substances may have a range of biological or toxicological effects on animal production. Rabbit feed ingredients that constitute complete feed products are derived from different raw materials and the contamination of feed materials would represent an important potential hazard. This review summarizes some of the toxic effects of mycotoxins, such as afl atoxins, ochratoxin, citritin, patulin, trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin), zearalenone, fumonisins, moniliformin and fusaric acid.

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FUSARIUM MOLDS AND THEIR MYCOTOXINS

Cited by 51 publications

References 158 publications

Fusarium Species from Nepalese Rice and Production of Mycotoxins and Gibberellic Acid by Selected Species

Fusarium Species from Nepalese Rice and Production of Mycotoxins and Gibberellic Acid by Selected Species

Analysis of aberrant virulence of Gibberella zeae following transformation-mediated complementation of a trichothecene-deficient (Tri5) mutant

Mycotoxins in rabbit feed: A review

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