<i>Gadd45g</i> regulates dental epithelial cell proliferation through p38 <scp>MAPK</scp>‐mediated <i>p21</i> expression

To achieve highly sensitive and comprehensive assessment of the morphology and dynamics of cells committed to the neuronal lineage in mammalian brain primordia, we generated two transgenic mouse lines expressing a destabilized (d4) Venus controlled by regulatory elements of the Neurogenin2 (Neurog2) or Gadd45g gene. In mid-embryonic neocortical walls, expression of Neurog2-d4Venus mostly overlapped with that of Neurog2 protein, with a slightly (1 h) delayed onset. Although Neurog2-d4Venus and Gadd45g-d4Venus mice exhibited very similar labeling patterns in the ventricular zone (VZ), in Gadd45g-d4Venus mice cells could be visualized in more basal areas containing fully differentiated neurons, where Neurog2-d4Venus fluorescence was absent. Time-lapse monitoring revealed that most d4Venus+ cells in the VZ had processes extending to the apical surface; many of these cells eventually retracted their apical process and migrated basally to the subventricular zone, where neurons, as well as the intermediate neurogenic progenitors that undergo terminal neuron-producing division, could be live-monitored by d4Venus fluorescence. Some d4Venus+ VZ cells instead underwent nuclear migration to the apical surface, where they divided to generate two d4Venus+ daughter cells, suggesting that the symmetric terminal division that gives rise to neuron pairs at the apical surface can be reliably live-monitored. Similar lineage-committed cells were observed in other developing neural regions including retina, spinal cord, and cerebellum, as well as in regions of the peripheral nervous system such as dorsal root ganglia. These mouse lines will be useful for elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying development of the mammalian nervous system.

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“… 2010 ; Kaufmann & Niehrs 2011 ; Ishida et al . 2013 ) expressed in the mammalian VZ (Kawaguchi, A. 2008 ; Shimojo et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurogenin2‐d4Venus and Gadd45g‐d4Venus transgenic mice: Visualizing mitotic and migratory behaviors of cells committed to the neuronal lineage in the developing mammalian brain

et al. 2014

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“…However, the function of c-jun mainly depends on the phosphorylation state mediated by MAPK pathways [ 39 ]. In addition, we found that the rest of 3 genes did not participate in MAPK signalling pathways, but were mainly as regulator (GADD45G) [ 40 ] or negative regulator (NR4A1, DUSP6) [ 41 , 42 ] of MAPK signaling pathways. We support that HBV could activate MAPK signaling pathways through HBx as shown by published reports[ 43 – 45 ], while the role of HBV infection on regulation of different regulators or negative regulators of MAPK pathways should be further investigated in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Distinct Molecular Characteristics of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinomas from Very Early to Advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stages

et al. 2016

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)is the fifth most common malignancy associated with high mortality. One of the risk factors for HCC is chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The treatment strategy for the disease is dependent on the stage of HCC, and the Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging system is used in most HCC cases. However, the molecular characteristics of HBV-related HCC in different BCLC stages are still unknown. Using GSE14520 microarray data from HBV-related HCC cases with BCLC stages from 0 (very early stage) to C (advanced stage) in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including common DEGs and unique DEGs in different BCLC stages, were identified. These DEGs were located on different chromosomes. The molecular functions and biology pathways of DEGs were identified by gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and the interactome networks of DEGs were constructed using the NetVenn online tool. The results revealed that both common DEGs and stage-specific DEGs were associated with various molecular functions and were involved in special biological pathways. In addition, several hub genes were found in the interactome networks of DEGs. The identified DEGs and hub genes promote our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HBV-related HCC through the different BCLC stages, and might be used as staging biomarkers or molecular targets for the treatment of HCC with HBV infection.

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“…Histochemical tissue analyses using 10 μm frozen sections were performed as previously described (Ishida et al . ). Light microscopy images were captured using an Axio Vert.A1 microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In situ hybridizations were performed using 10 μm frozen sections as previously described (Ishida et al . ). Digoxygenin‐labeled probes for specific transcripts were prepared by PCR with primers designed using published sequences (Table S1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Generation of bioengineered feather buds on a reconstructed chick skin from dissociated epithelial and mesenchymal cells

Ishida

Mitsui

2016

Dev Growth Differ

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Various kinds of in vitro culture systems of tissues and organs have been developed, and applied to understand multicellular systems during embryonic organogenesis. In the research field of feather bud development, tissue recombination assays using an intact epithelial tissue and mesenchymal tissue/cells have contributed to our understanding the mechanisms of feather bud formation and development. However, there are few methods to generate a skin and its appendages from single cells of both epithelium and mesenchyme. In this study, we have developed a bioengineering method to reconstruct an embryonic dorsal skin after completely dissociating single epithelial and mesenchymal cells from chick skin. Multiple feather buds can form on the reconstructed skin in a single row in vitro. The bioengineered feather buds develop into long feather buds by transplantation onto a chorioallantoic membrane. The bioengineered bud sizes were similar to those of native embryo. The number of bioengineered buds was increased linearly with the initial contact length of epithelial and mesenchymal cell layers where the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions occur. In addition, the bioengineered bud formation was also disturbed by the inhibition of major signaling pathways including FGF (fibroblast growth factor), Wnt/b-catenin, Notch and BMP (bone morphogenetic protein). We expect that our bioengineering technique will motivate further extensive research on multicellular developmental systems, such as the formation and sizing of cutaneous appendages, and their regulatory mechanisms.

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Gadd45g regulates dental epithelial cell proliferation through p38 MAPK‐mediated p21 expression

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Neurogenin2‐d4Venus and Gadd45g‐d4Venus transgenic mice: Visualizing mitotic and migratory behaviors of cells committed to the neuronal lineage in the developing mammalian brain

Neurogenin2‐d4Venus and Gadd45g‐d4Venus transgenic mice: Visualizing mitotic and migratory behaviors of cells committed to the neuronal lineage in the developing mammalian brain

Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Distinct Molecular Characteristics of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinomas from Very Early to Advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stages

Generation of bioengineered feather buds on a reconstructed chick skin from dissociated epithelial and mesenchymal cells

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