Gallus Gallus Domesticus : Respiratory System

Abstract

The avian respiratory system shows unique morphological features compared to other vertebrates. According to the current explanations it is optimized for gas exchange. The air passages start with the nasal and oral cavities, which are followed by the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and syrinx. Primary bronchus enters the lung, and secondary bronchi branch from the intrapulmonary part of it. Primary and secondary bronchi are connected to the air sacs, which are air reservoirs. The tertiary bronchi, or parabronchi, offshoot from the secondary bronchi. The parabronchial unit is a complex structure of air passages and gas‐exchange areas including atria, infundibulums, and air capillaries.