Garcinia mangostana Pericarp Extracts and α-Mangostin in Hair Care : An Insight into their Potential as Functional Ingredients and the Biological Properties

Abstract

Haircare products with botanical origins and the absence of highly allergenic chemicals, such as parabens, petrochemicals, and silicones, have been considered more skin-friendly and eco-friendly to the environment. Recently, there has been a growing demand for these natural hair care products. Besides the perceived health benefits, many users also believe these botanical origin ingredients are generally milder, non-toxic, natural, and less likely to disrupt the hair and scalp's natural pH and oil balance. Garcinia mangostana has been known for centuries in traditional Asian medicine. α-mangostin is the major xanthones present in G. mangostana. It exists abundantly in the fruit pericarp. Numerous activities have been reported on this plant and α-mangostin in hair care and scalp maintenance. Our review is the first to highlight the potential of G. mangostana pericarp and α-mangostin and the activitiesemphasized in hair care. This review thoroughly discussed five essential activities: antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hair rejuvenation (hair growth), and tanning.

Formulation of Botanical Shampoo Infused with Standardised Mangosteen Peel Extract for Healthy Hair and Scalp

“…Shampooing has gained significant importance as a regular practice in our daily lives. Hair shampoos serve the dual purpose of maintaining personal hygiene and cleansing leading to the promotion of beautiful hair and a healthy scalp [1]. More consumers prefer to use plant-based hair shampoos, which are natural and sustainable.…”

“…These properties could nourish the scalp, relieve dryness, protect the hair and scalp from oxidative damage, reduce breakage, prevent microbial growth on the scalp, and many more. It is believed that healthy hair strands and scalp could promote hair growth, reducing strand breakage and hair fall [1].…”

“…Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen) peel is discarded as waste in the agricultural industry. The peel is rich in phytochemicals including anthocyanins, xanthones, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and flavonols [1,3]. These phytochemicals could exhibit numerous pharmacological activities related to the maintenance of healthy hair and scalp, namely antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities [1,4].…”

“…The peel is rich in phytochemicals including anthocyanins, xanthones, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and flavonols [1,3]. These phytochemicals could exhibit numerous pharmacological activities related to the maintenance of healthy hair and scalp, namely antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities [1,4]. Recently, the selected biological properties exhibited by the peel and its α-mangostin in hair care were reviewed [1].…”

“…These phytochemicals could exhibit numerous pharmacological activities related to the maintenance of healthy hair and scalp, namely antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities [1,4]. Recently, the selected biological properties exhibited by the peel and its α-mangostin in hair care were reviewed [1]. Its antimicrobial activity could inhibit dandruff fungal growth; its antioxidants could protect the hair strand from oxidation and degradation; its anti-inflammatory activity could inhibit hair folliculitis; its hair follicle rejuvenation could encourage new hair growth; and its upregulation of the melanin synthesis in hair dermal papilla cells could promote hair tanning [1].…”