“…Various controller design approaches such as model predictive control (MPC) [20], [21], sliding mode control (SMC) [13], [22], adaptive control [10], H ∞ control [7], [7], [9] etc. have been established to ensure closed-loop stability and cooperative motion either for homogeneous [9], [10], [23]- [25] or heterogeneous [20], [26], [27] vehicle platoon systems with and without complexities like external disturbances (due to wind gust, road slope etc.) [7], [13], [28], parametric uncertainties (due to, engine time constant, change in mass under different load etc.)…”