<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> antibiotic resistance in Portugal: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

This review summarizes important studies regarding Helicobacter pylori therapy published from May 2018 to May 2019. The main themes that emerge involve studies assessing the efficacy of bismuth‐based regimens. While in recent years the efficacy of bismuth‐based quadruple therapy as a second‐line therapy has been clearly established, there is now substantial evidence that it is the best performing first‐line therapy. Antibiotic resistance was again intensely studied this year, and a clear and dramatic increase in resistance is noted for clarithromycin and levofloxacin; most notably, it may not be possible to support these therapies in most regions of the world much longer without testing. The utility of vonoprazan as an alternative to proton‐pump inhibitor therapy, especially in resistant and difficult to treat groups, has also been considered in greater detail this year, as well as means of supporting and enhancing adherence to therapy. Several studies showed that the diversity of gut microbiota was significantly altered shortly after H pylori eradication. However, the diversity was restored to pre‐treatment state after 2 months in patients treated with triple therapy. More studies are warranted to assess the long‐term changes of gut microbiota after H pylori eradication.

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“…The individual studies detailing resistance are summarized in Table 1. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]…”

Section: Antib I Oti C Re S Is Tan Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection 2019

et al. 2019

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“…This number is rarely described in pediatric trials, also because of the high rate of antibiotic resistance of H pylori . Furthermore, high multiple resistance and secondary resistance rates significantly affect H pylori eradication . The prevalence of H pylori resistant to antibiotics differs among countries (Table ) and is usually explained by the different exposure to the corresponding antibiotics in each population .…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from high H pylori resistance to antimicrobial agents, there are other reasons for therapeutic failure, such as poor compliance, inadequate dose/duration, rapid metabolism of certain PPI, bacterial virulence factors, ineffective penetration of antibiotics into gastric mucosa, and antibiotic inactivation to low gastric pH …”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Helicobacter pylori in pediatrics

2019

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Despite a decrease in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, it still poses a significant health burden worldwide. This review summarizes important pediatric studies on H pylori published from April 2018 to March 2019. Epidemiologic studies have reported different prevalences in different parts of the world and have mainly confirmed traditional risk factors. Several studies on pathophysiology attempted to identify risk markers in childhood for gastric cancer development later in life. One of the most interesting studies evaluated the relationship between eosinophilic esophagitis and H pylori infection; however, an inverse relationship was not confirmed. The high resistance of H pylori and, consequently, low eradication rates, is still a major concern and susceptibility testing before treatment has again been highlighted. Potassium‐competitive acid blockers are promising new acid‐suppressant drugs but their role in H pylori eradication schemes is still to be determined.

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“…Helicobacter species are Gram-negative, spiral-shaped motile bacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal tract of both humans and animals [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], and have been studied over the years for their association with gastrointestinal diseases [ 8 ]. In humans, Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is the most common gastric pathogen, affecting more than half of the world’s population, being responsible for development of gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and extra digestive diseases [ 5 , 9 , 10 ]. In addition, Helicobacter suis ( H. suis ) is the most prevalent human gastric non- Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) and has been associated with a range of gastric pathologies, including MALT lymphoma, and possibly also extra digestive diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of Helicobacter pylori and H. suis DNA in Free-Range Wild Boars

Nunes

Mateus

Teixeira

et al. 2021

Animals

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects half of the human population worldwide, causing gastric disorders, such as chronic gastritis, gastric or duodenal ulcers, and gastric malignancies. Helicobacter suis (H. suis) is mainly associated with pigs, but can also colonize the stomach of humans, resulting in gastric pathologies. In pigs, H. suis can induce gastritis and seems to play a role in gastric ulcer disease, seriously affecting animal production and welfare. Since close interactions between domestic animals, wildlife, and humans can increase bacterial transmission risk between species, samples of gastric tissue of 14 free range wild boars (Sus scrofa) were evaluated for the presence of H. pylori and H. suis using PCR. Samples from the antral gastric mucosa from two animals were PCR-positive for H. pylori and another one for H. suis. These findings indicate that these microorganisms were able to colonize the stomach of wild boars and raise awareness for their putative intervention in Helicobacter spp. transmission cycle.

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Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in Portugal: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract: Hp resistance to the most widely used antibiotics is high in Portugal. Accordingly, our results suggest that the best therapeutic strategy for Hp in Portugal may be quadruple therapy with bismuth for adults and triple therapy including AMX plus MTZ or bismuth-based therapy for children.

Cited by 39 publications

References 30 publications

Review: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection 2019

Review: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection 2019

Review: Helicobacter pylori in pediatrics

Presence of Helicobacter pylori and H. suis DNA in Free-Range Wild Boars

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