<i>Herpesvirus cyprini:</i> lethality and oncogenicity

Sano, Tokuo; Morita, Naoko; Shima, N.; Akimoto, Miki

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1991.tb00608.x

Cited by 54 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…CHV is responsible for both skin tumors or carp pox lesions in adult carp and dissemination form of the disease in juvenile carp. It was found that CHV cause lethal and systemic infections not only in common carp but in any cyprinid including koi carps less than two month in age (Sano et al, 1991, Calle et al, 1999.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current knowledge on koi herpesvirus (KHV) - a review

Pokorová¹,

Veselý²,

Piačková³

et al. 2005

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The first outbreaks of a disease connected with high mortality of common carp and koi carp caused by koi herpesvirus (KHV) were reported in 1998 in Israel and in the United States. Since then, several cases have been confirmed all over the world. At present, this viral disease is considered to be one of the most risky factors affecting populations of common carp and koi carp. Affected fish become disoriented and swim erratically with high breathing frequency, swollen gills and partially local skin lesions. The virus was isolated from the tissues of fish showing signs of the disease and subsequently cultured on koi fin (KF-1) cells. Electron microscopic examinations revealed morphological signs identical with viruses of the family Herpesviridae. Analysis of virion polypeptides and gene DNA showed the differences between KHV and the well-known herpesvirus of cyprinids, Herpesvirus cyprini (CHV), and Channel catfish virus (CCV). Water temperature is a factor influencing the onset and severity of disease. Fish seem most susceptible at water temperatures of 18-28°C, no morbidities occur at 13°C and 30°C. At present, diagnosis of KHV is mainly based on detection of viral DNA by PCR method.

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Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current knowledge on koi herpesvirus (KHV) - a review

Pokorová¹,

Veselý²,

Piačková³

et al. 2005

Vet. Med.

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“…Such papillomas coalesce as they spread over the surface of carp as white plaques, and develop focal exophytic masses (Wildgoose, 1992). These papillomas are caused by Herpesvirus cyprini (also cyprinid herpesvirus 1, CHV) (Sano et al, 1991), regress in warm summers or when held above 20°C (Sano et al, 1993b), and persist below 15°C (Sano et al, 1993a). Viruses have also been associated with papillary epidermal plaques in other fish species (Wolf, 1988), such as walleye, in which a retroviral etiology is suspected (LaPierre et al, 1998).…”

Section: Beckwith Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylnitrosourea Induces Neoplasia in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Beckwith

Moore

Tsao-Wu

et al. 2000

Laboratory Investigation

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SUMMARY:The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been successfully used to discover hundreds of genes involved in development and organogenesis. To address the potential of zebrafish as a cancer model, it is important to determine the susceptibility of zebrafish to tumors. Germ line mutations are most commonly induced for zebrafish mutant screens by exposing adult male zebrafish to the alkylating agent, ethylnitrosourea (ENU). To determine whether ENU induces tumors, we compared the incidence of tumors in ENU-treated fish with untreated controls. Interestingly, 18 of 18 (100%) fish mutagenized with either 2.5 or 3.0 mM ENU developed epidermal papillomas, which numbered 1 to 22 per fish, within 1 year of treatment. The induced epidermal lesions included epidermal hyperplasia, flat papillomas (0.2 to 1.2 mm), and pedunculated papillomas (1.2 to 8 mm in greatest dimension), but no skin cancers. Angiogenesis was evident in papillomas larger than approximately 1 mm. All but two papillomas contained the three cell types (keratinocytes, club, and mucous cells) of normal zebrafish epidermis; histologic variants lacked either club cells or mucous cells. Two cavernous hemangiomas and a single malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor were also found in the treated fish. None of five untreated controls developed tumors. These studies establish the feasibility of the zebrafish as an experimental model for the study of skin tumors. (Lab Invest 2000, 80:379-385).

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“…The causative agent, carp pox herpesvirus or cyprinid herpesvirus 1 (CyHV-1), was identified as a virus belonging to the herpes group in the 1950s (Schubert 1966) and first isolated a few decades later (Sano et al 1985). Although mortalities can be evoked in carp fry (Sano et al 1991), in general the effect of the disease on its host is limited and is primarily a problem in the cultivation of ornamental carp because of the focal epidermal hyperplasia. On the other hand, koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD) is a recently emerging and lethal disease of koi and common carp, with cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) as the causative agent (Waltzek et al 2005(Waltzek et al , 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of novel strains of cyprinid herpesvirus closely related to koi herpesvirus

Engelsma

Way²,

Dodge³

et al. 2013

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) or koi herpesvirus (KHV) is a devastating virus of carp. Using generic primers for the DNA polymerase and the major capsid protein genes of cyprinid herpesviruses, nucleotide sequences divergent from previously described CyHV-3 were obtained. At least 3 novel groups of putative CyHV-3-like viruses were identified, sharing 95 to 98% nucleotide identity with CyHV-3 strains. Carp carrying the CyHV-3 variants did not show clinical signs consistent with CyHV-3 infection and originated from locations with no actual CyHV-3 outbreaks. These strains might represent low-or non-pathogenic variants of CyHV-3.KEY WORDS: Carp · Alloherpesviridae · Phylogeny · CyHV-3 · Variant strains Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 107: [113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120] 2013 third member of the genus Cyprinivirus, the haema topoietic necrosis herpes virus of goldfish or cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), which specifically infects goldfish Carassius auratus (Jung & Miyazaki 1995, Davison et al. 2013.The complete genome sequences of 3 CyHV-3 isolates (KHV-U, KHV-I and TUMST1) originating from different geographical locations show only limited differences among each other (Aoki et al. 2007) and share more than 99% DNA sequence identity over the complete genomes (Avarre et al. 2011). Recent papers have described some degree of genetic variability between CyHV-3 isolates based upon nucleotide polymorphisms in specific regions of the genome and variation in the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs; Bigarré et al. 2009, Kurita et al. 2009, Avarre et al. 2011. In general, the variability between CyHV-3 strains, particularly in the welldefined open reading frames, is limited, whereas the VNTRs could prove to be valuable markers for epidemiological studies aimed at identifying the source of disease outbreaks.In the present study, novel CyHV DNA sequences were detected in carp and koi tissues by application of generic PCR primers capable of detecting a wide range of cyprinid herpesviruses. The CyHV sequences suggest that infections have occurred with viruses closely related to CyHV-3 but yet genetically distinguishable. A preliminary molecular characterisation of the novel cyprinid herpesviruses was carried out, and the sequences were compared with other herpesviruses from fish. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe material used in this study was taken as part of a surveillance programme or routine diagnostic testing of diseased carp and koi in the UK, Austria, Italy and the Netherlands from 2006 to 2012. Gill and kidney tissues were sampled from common carp/koi carp and stored in absolute ethanol. Total DNA was extracted from approximately 20 mg of tissue using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) or 50 µl of a clarified 10% tissue homogenate prepared for virus culture using the QIAamp virus mini Kit (Qiagen) following the manufacturer's protocol. The DNA was eluted in a 50 and a 60 µl volume, respectively. Purified DNA samples were stored at −20°C until...

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Herpesvirus cyprini: lethality and oncogenicity

Cited by 54 publications

References 7 publications

Current knowledge on koi herpesvirus (KHV) - a review

Current knowledge on koi herpesvirus (KHV) - a review

Ethylnitrosourea Induces Neoplasia in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Detection of novel strains of cyprinid herpesvirus closely related to koi herpesvirus

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