<i>Hindeodus parvus ‐</i>
            proposed index fossil for the Permian‐Triassic boundary

Paull, Rachel K.; Paull, Richard A.

doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1994.tb01421.x

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…isarcica at its base. The placement of the P/Tr boundary within this conodont zonation has been the subject of considerable debate although a general consensus is emerging favouring the base-parvus Zone for the erathem boundary (Yin, 1985(Yin, , 1993Ding, 1988Gullo and Kozur, 1993;Kozur, 1993Kozur, , 1994aPaull and Paull, 1994, Wang, 1994, Jin et al, 1994Yin et al, 1994;Sweet, pers comm.). As discussed below, it appears that such a choice would confine much of the Otoceras-bearing beds and part of the Griesbachian Stage to the Permian (Kozur, 1977, Sweet, 1979.…”

Section: Conodont Zonationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Kozur et al, 1978;Kozur, 1984Kozur, , 1985Kozur, , 1989Kozur, , 1994Kozur, , 1995Yin 1985;Budurov et al, 1988;Yang, 1988;Yang and Li, 1992;Yin et al, 1988;Ding, 1988Gullo and Kozur, 1993;Paull and Paull, 1994). The bases of lower three zones are defined by the first appearance of their zonal species whilst the C. carinata Zone is defined by the disappearance of /.…”

Section: Conodont Zonationmentioning

confidence: 96%

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On the timing of palaeoenvironmental changes at the Permo‐Triassic (P/TR) boundary using conodont biostratigraphy

Wignall

Kozur²,

Hallam

1996

Historical Biology

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Four conodont zones can be recognised during the Permo-Triassic (P/Tr) boundary interval; in ascending order, the Hindeodus latidentatus, H. parvus, Isarcicella isarcica and Clarkina carinata Zones. These zones have been recognised in southern and equatorial palaeolatitudes and initial results suggest that they may also be applied in high northern palaeolatitudes. By using this conodont zonation it is therefore possible to assess the global palaeoenvironmental changes associated with the P/Tr mass extinction. Many shallow shelf sections have an unconformity at the base of the latidentatus Zone which may correspond to the well known but over-stated P/Tr regression. The succeeding latidentatustocarinata interval saw continuous deepening in most sections. Shallow marine facies are well developed in the latidentatus Zone and they contain a diverse array of typical Late Permian taxa, only in basinal locations are dysaerobic/anaerobic strata locally developed (e.g. South China, Kashmir). Anoxic deposition became spectacularly widespread in the parvus Zome in both shallow and deep water areas (e.g. the Dolomites and Sicily respectively). This level also corresponds to the main mass extinction and by the base of the parvus Zone the extinction event was to all intents over. The exception is provided by the southern latitude sections of the Salt Range, Pakistan where Permian benthic taxa persisted until the carinata Zone. It can be no coincidence that the demise of these holdover taxa is marked by the first development of dysaerobic strata in the region.

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Section: Conodont Zonationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Conodont Zonationmentioning

confidence: 96%

On the timing of palaeoenvironmental changes at the Permo‐Triassic (P/TR) boundary using conodont biostratigraphy

Wignall

Kozur²,

Hallam

1996

Historical Biology

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“…In recent years conodonts have superseded ammonoids as the preferred choice for international correlation of the Permo-Triassic transition (Yin et al 1988;Paull & Paull, 1994;Wignall, Kozur & Hallam, 1996). Unfortunately, in Spitsbergen, both groups are either absent or only sporadically encountered in both the Kapp Starostin and Vardebukta formations.…”

Section: A Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 96%

The Permo-Triassic transition in Spitsbergen: δ¹³C_org chemostratigraphy, Fe and S geochemistry, facies, fauna and trace fossils

1998

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New δ13Corg analyses of two boundary sections between the late Permian Kapp Starostin Formation and the early Triassic Vardebukta Formation of western Spitsbergen confirm field evidence that their contact is a conformable one. Thus, contrary to previous reports, some Spitsbergen sections contain a complete record of the environmental and faunal changes during the crisis interval of the end Permian mass extinction. No environmental deterioration is recorded in the late Permian until near the end of the terminal Changxingian Stage, whereupon the abundant siliceous sponge fauna of the Kapp Starostin Formation disappears along with the deep-burrowing fauna responsible for the Zoophycus trace fossil. A low diversity dysaerobic trace fossil assemblage is briefly developed before a transition to finely laminated, pyritic facies immediately beneath the Permo-Triassic boundary. Analysis of the S/C ratios from the laminated strata suggests that free H2S was present in the water column (euxinic conditions) even in relatively nearshore settings subject to storm sandstone deposition. The mass extinction crisis in Spitsbergen is therefore coincident with the extensive development of oxygen-poor conditions in the water column and compares closely, both in timing and nature, with the crisis seen in lower latitude Tethyan settings. However, the subsequent aftermath and recovery in the Boreal sections of Spitsbergen was more rapid than in Tethys. Thus, a shoreface sandstone body within the Dienerian Stage contains an appreciable diversity of fauna (by the standards of the early Triassic), including bryozoans, calcareous algae and deep infaunal bivalves, that suggests the marine ecosystem recovery began earliest in higher palaeolatitudes.

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“…2). Hindeodus parvus has a worldwide distribution not only throughout Tethys but also in western Pangaea (Paull & Paull 1994) and the Boreal region (Henderson & Baud 1996), and it occurs both in shallow water and pelagic deposits (Kozur 1996). In some biofacies, Hindeodus occurs alone (e.g.…”

Section: Base Triassic Changshingian-induan Boundary (Figs 2 and 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Triassic conodonts and their role in stage boundary definition

Orchard

2010

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Conodonts have played an important role in the construction of a Triassic timescale. Each of the stage boundaries is reviewed in the context of their evolving conodont faunas. The base Triassic (Induan) is defined by the appearance of Hindeodus parvus, which developed from H. praeparvus; a parallel zonation is provided by Neogondolella species. For the Induan-Olenekian boundary, the appearance of Neospathodus waageni sensu lato within a plexus of similar species is favoured as the defining datum; Borinella and Eurygnathodus also appear about this time. The base of the Middle Triassic Anisian stage lies close to the appearance of Chiosella, with Triassospathodus and Spathicuspus characterizing the late Olenekian, and Gladigondolella tethydis and Nicoraella confined to the Anisian. Proxies for the Anisian-Ladinian boundary, which is defined by an ammonoid, are the first Budurovignathus species. The basal Carnian, also defined by an ammonoid, lies close to the first metapolygnathids, including M. polygnathiformis and M. tadpole. The Carnian-Norian boundary interval is characterized by many new taxa in Canada, but only a few species are common to Tethys, notably Metapolygnathus ex gr. M. echinatus.

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Hindeodus parvus ‐ proposed index fossil for the Permian‐Triassic boundary

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

On the timing of palaeoenvironmental changes at the Permo‐Triassic (P/TR) boundary using conodont biostratigraphy

On the timing of palaeoenvironmental changes at the Permo‐Triassic (P/TR) boundary using conodont biostratigraphy

The Permo-Triassic transition in Spitsbergen: δ¹³C_org chemostratigraphy, Fe and S geochemistry, facies, fauna and trace fossils

Triassic conodonts and their role in stage boundary definition

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Hindeodus parvus ‐ proposed index fossil for the Permian‐Triassic boundary

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

On the timing of palaeoenvironmental changes at the Permo‐Triassic (P/TR) boundary using conodont biostratigraphy

On the timing of palaeoenvironmental changes at the Permo‐Triassic (P/TR) boundary using conodont biostratigraphy

The Permo-Triassic transition in Spitsbergen: δ13Corg chemostratigraphy, Fe and S geochemistry, facies, fauna and trace fossils

Triassic conodonts and their role in stage boundary definition

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The Permo-Triassic transition in Spitsbergen: δ¹³C_org chemostratigraphy, Fe and S geochemistry, facies, fauna and trace fossils