Houttuynia cordataExtract Improves Physical Endurance Performance by Regulating Endothelial Production of Nitric Oxide

Abstract

Vascular function is mediated by various regulatory molecules, including endothelial nitric oxide (NO), which regulates the vasodilation of smooth muscle cells. We investigated whether standardized Houttuynia cordata extract (SHCE) could improve physical endurance performance by regulating the endothelial production of NO. For the standardization of Houttuynia cordata (HC) extract, its bioactive components were identified and quantified using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Bioaccessibility and biological activity were measured by the in vitro digestion model system and free radical scavenging capacity, respectively. The vascular function in the endothelium was assessed by the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). A preliminary clinical trial was carried out to assess the physical endurance performance. HC extract was standardized to bioactive components, including chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercitrin, with the concentration of 5.53, 6.09, and 16.15 mg from 1 g of dry weight, respectively. Bioaccessibility was 33.17%, 31.67%, and 11.18% for chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercitrin, respectively. Antioxidant activities of SHCE were expressed as vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity in 55.81 and 17.23 mg/g of HC extract using ABTS and DPPH scavenging assay, respectively. In human aortic endothelial cells, insulin-mediated phosphorylation of eNOS was increased by SHCE in the presence of palmitate. However, the expression of blood pressure-regulating genes was not altered. The level of blood lactate concentration and the heart rate of subjects who drank SHCE were lower than those of subjects who drank plain water. Oxygen uptake from subjects drinking SHCE was slightly higher than that from those who drank plain water. This study demonstrated that SHCE decreased heart rate and blood lactate, increased oxygen uptake, and improved physical performance, presumably due to the increased NO production.

Therapeutic potentials of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. against inflammation and oxidative stress: A review

“…In a study, Yang et al showed the antioxidative properties of 50% methanolic extract of HC against palmitateinduced oxidative stress in human aortic endothelial cells. The authors showed that HC extract increased NO production through insulinmediated eNOS phosphorylation in human aortic endothelial cells (Yang et al, 2015).…”

Increased Intestinal Absorption of Vitamin U in Steamed Graviola Leaf Extract Activates Nicotine Detoxification

“…In order to examine the amounts of bioactive components accessible to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the method by Yang et al and Son et al was used with a slight modification [34,35]. The GI tract was composed of three-stages of an in vitro human digestion model system, which were salivary, stomach, and upper intestine steps.…”

Identification of microRNA in Houttuynia cordata Thunb and prediction of cross kingdom functions

“…Houttuynia cordata Thunb (H.cordata), is a perennial native medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine in Japan, Korea, China and Southeast Asia [1]. Traditionally, H.cordata was used as a folk medicine for diuresis, anti-viral [2], anti-oxidant [3][4][5], anti-bacterial [6], anti-inflammatory [7][8][9], and anti-obesity [10,11]. In 2014, Hyun Kang reported that H.cordata extract (HCE) significantly attenuated lipid accumulation in human HepG2 hepatocytes, and the hypolipidemic effects of HCE were induced by activating AMPK signaling which then inhibits lipid biosynthesis [12].…”