AtCYP710A1gene-mediated stigmasterol production plays a role in imparting temperature stress tolerance inArabidopsis thaliana

Senthil‐Kumar, Muthappa; Wang, Keri; Mysore, Kirankumar S.

doi:10.4161/psb.23142

Cited by 50 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Recent research findings suggest a key role for the mevalonate pathway and sterols in increasing crop yield and plant tolerance to environmental stress (Posé et al , Leivar et al , Soto et al , Wang et al , Senthil‐Kumar et al , Liao et al ). Also, identification of mutants of Arabidopsis compromised in sterol accumulation (Lindsey et al ) has reinforced the idea that sterols are essential in embryogenesis, cell elongation, vascular differentiation and hormone signaling (Clouse ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal regulation of sterol biosynthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana

Suza

Chappell

2016

Physiologia Plantarum

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Nicotiana benthamiana was used as a model to investigate the spatial and developmental relationship between sterol synthesis rates and sterol content in plants. Stigmasterol levels were approximately twice the level in roots as that found in aerial tissues, while its progenitor sterol sitosterol was the inverse. When incorporation of radiolabeled precursors into sterols was used as measure of in vivo synthesis rates, acetate incorporation was similar across all tissue types, but approximately twofold greater in roots than any other tissue. In contrast, mevalonate incorporation exhibited the greatest differential with the rate of incorporation in roots approximately one-tenth that in apical shoots. Similar to acetate, incorporation of farnesol was higher in roots but remained fairly constant in aerial tissues, suggesting less regulation of the downstream sterol biosynthetic steps. Consistent with the precursor incorporation data, analysis of gene transcript and measurements of putative rate-limiting enzyme activities for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase (EC 2.3.3.10) and reductase (EC 1.1.1.34) showed the greatest modulation of levels, while the activity levels for isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.3.2) and prenyltransferases (EC 2.5.1.10 and EC 2.5.1.1) also exhibited a strong but moderate correlation with the development age of the aerial tissues of the plants. Overall, the data suggest a multitude of means from transcriptional to posttranslational control affecting sterol biosynthesis and accumulation across an entire plant, and point to some particular control points that might be manipulated using molecular genetic approaches to better probe the role of sterols in plant growth and development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal regulation of sterol biosynthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana

Suza

Chappell

2016

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…In addition to these findings, and just as with other genetic (Lasky et al, 2012(Lasky et al, , 2016 (Table 3). SGT genes have been shown to have functional roles in abiotic stress tolerance in several species (Griebel & Zeier, 2010;Hugly et al, 1990;Kumar et al, 2015;Senthil-Kumar et al, 2013). Expression of SGT4 and its paralog SGT2 is rapidly induced upon exposure to cold and salt stress in domesticated tomato (Ramirez-Estrada et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional differences in the abiotic environment contribute to genomic divergence within a wild tomato species

Gibson

Moyle

2019

Preprint

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The wild currant tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium inhabits a wide range of abiotic habitats across its native range of Ecuador and Peru. Although it has served as a key genetic resource for the improvement of domestic cultivars, little is known about the genetic basis of traits underlying local adaptation in this species, nor what abiotic variables are most important for driving differentiation. Here we use redundancy analysis (RDA) and other multivariate statistical methods (structural equation modeling (SEM) and generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM)) to quantify the relationship of genomic variation (6,830 single nucleotide polymorphisms) with climate and geography, among 140 wild accessions. RDA, SEM, and GDM each identified environment as explaining more genomic variation than geography, suggesting that local adaptation to heterogeneous abiotic habitats may be an important source of genetic diversity in this species. Environmental factors describing temporal variation in precipitation and evaporative demand explained the most SNP variation among accessions, indicating that these forces may represent key selective agents. Lastly, by studying how SNP-environment associations vary throughout the genome (44,064 SNPs), we mapped the location and investigated the functions of loci putatively contributing to climatic adaptations. Together our findings indicate an important role for selection imposed by the abiotic environment in driving genomic differentiation between populations.

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“…7A). Thus, our RNA-seq and RT-qPCR transcriptomic analyses further strengthen the connection between distinct biotic and abiotic stresses and changes in sterol composition, in particular those affecting the stigmasterol-to-b-sitosterol ratio (Grunwald, 1978;Whitaker, 1994;Griebel and Zeier, 2010;Wang et al, 2012b;Senthil-Kumar et al, 2013;Sewelam et al, 2014), which declines sharply upon the silencing of FPS (Fig. 3B).…”

Section: Plants Perceive a Reduction Of Major Sterols As A Stress Signalmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Some recent reports also point toward a role for sterols in proper plastid development (Babiychuk et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2010;Gas-Pascual et al, 2015). As key components of cell membranes, sterols are dynamic modulators of their biophysical properties, so that changes in the composition of sterols affect membrane fluidity and permeability (Roche et al, 2008;Grosjean et al, 2015) and, therefore, modulate the activity of membranebound proteins (Carruthers and Melchoir, 1986;Cooke and Burden, 1990;Grandmougin-Ferjani et al, 1997) and the plant adaptive responses to different types of abiotic and biotic stress, including tolerance to thermal stress (Hugly et al, 1990;Beck et al, 2007;Senthil-Kumar et al, 2013), drought (Posé et al, 2009Kumar et al, 2015), metal ions (Urbany et al, 2013;Wagatsuma et al, 2015), and hydrogen peroxide (Wang et al, 2012a), and to bacterial and fungal pathogens (Griebel and Zeier, 2010;Wang et al, 2012b;Kopischke et al, 2013).The embryo-lethal phenotype of the Arabidopsis fps1/fps2 double knockout mutants makes it very difficult to assess the biological role of FPP biosynthesis in postembryonic plant development. To overcome this drawback, we generated conditional knockdown Arabidopsis mutants using a chemically inducible artificial microRNA (amiRNA)-based gene-silencing approach to down-regulate FPS gene expression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressing Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase Alters Chloroplast Development and Triggers Sterol-Dependent Induction of Jasmonate- and Fe-Related Responses

et al. 2016

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Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS) catalyzes the synthesis of farnesyl diphosphate from isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contains two genes (FPS1 and FPS2) encoding FPS. Single fps1 and fps2 knockout mutants are phenotypically indistinguishable from wild-type plants, while fps1/fps2 double mutants are embryo lethal. To assess the effect of FPS down-regulation at postembryonic developmental stages, we generated Arabidopsis conditional knockdown mutants expressing artificial microRNAs devised to simultaneously silence both FPS genes. Induction of silencing from germination rapidly caused chlorosis and a strong developmental phenotype that led to seedling lethality. However, silencing of FPS after seed germination resulted in a slight developmental delay only, although leaves and cotyledons continued to show chlorosis and altered chloroplasts. Metabolomic analyses also revealed drastic changes in the profile of sterols, ubiquinones, and plastidial isoprenoids. RNA sequencing and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction transcriptomic analysis showed that a reduction in FPS activity levels triggers the misregulation of genes involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses, the most prominent one being the rapid induction of a set of genes related to the jasmonic acid pathway. Down-regulation of FPS also triggered an iron-deficiency transcriptional response that is consistent with the irondeficient phenotype observed in FPS-silenced plants. The specific inhibition of the sterol biosynthesis pathway by chemical and genetic blockage mimicked these transcriptional responses, indicating that sterol depletion is the primary cause of the observed alterations. Our results highlight the importance of sterol homeostasis for normal chloroplast development and function and reveal important clues about how isoprenoid and sterol metabolism is integrated within plant physiology and development.Isoprenoids are the largest class of all known natural products in living organisms, with tens of thousands of different compounds. In plants, isoprenoids perform essential biological functions, including maintenance of proper membrane structure and function (sterols), electron transport (ubiquinones and plastoquinones), posttranslational protein modification (dolichols serving as glycosylation cofactors and prenyl groups), photosynthesis (chlorophylls and carotenoids), and regulation of growth and development (abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, and GAs [Croteau et al., 2000] and strigolactones [Al-Babili and Bouwmeester, 2015]). A large number of isoprenoids also play prominent roles as mediators of interactions between plants and their environment, including a variety of defense responses against biotic and abiotic stresses (Tholl and Lee, 2011). In fact, there is hardly any aspect of plant growth, development, and reproduction not relying on isoprenoids or isoprenoid-derived compounds. In addition, many plant isoprenoids are of great economic importan...

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AtCYP710A1gene-mediated stigmasterol production plays a role in imparting temperature stress tolerance inArabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

Spatial and temporal regulation of sterol biosynthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana

Spatial and temporal regulation of sterol biosynthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana

Regional differences in the abiotic environment contribute to genomic divergence within a wild tomato species

Suppressing Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase Alters Chloroplast Development and Triggers Sterol-Dependent Induction of Jasmonate- and Fe-Related Responses

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