We report [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b]benzothiazole
(TBT) as a new inhibitor scaffold, which competes with nicotinamide
in the binding pocket of human poly- and mono-ADP-ribosylating enzymes.
The binding mode was studied through analogues and cocrystal structures
with TNKS2, PARP2, PARP14, and PARP15. Based on the substitution pattern,
we were able to identify 3-amino derivatives 21 (OUL243)
and 27 (OUL232) as inhibitors of mono-ARTs PARP7, PARP10,
PARP11, PARP12, PARP14, and PARP15 at nM potencies, with 27 being the most potent PARP10 inhibitor described to date (IC50 of 7.8 nM) and the first PARP12 inhibitor ever reported.
On the contrary, hydroxy derivative 16 (OUL245) inhibits
poly-ARTs with a selectivity toward PARP2. The scaffold does not possess
inherent cell toxicity, and the inhibitors can enter cells and engage
with the target protein. This, together with favorable ADME properties,
demonstrates the potential of TBT scaffold for future drug development
efforts toward selective inhibitors against specific enzymes.