Imperata cylindrica : reproduction, dispersal, and controls

Abstract

Imperata cylindrica is one of the 10 worst weeds in the tropics and subtropics. Although it has many beneficial uses, the problems related to its invasiveness far outweigh its positive benefits. I. cylindrica negatively affects production of annual, perennial, plantation, and forest crops. Its mode of reproduction fosters its extensive growth and very persistent nature because of its high competitive ability in a wide range of habitats. Control efforts for I. cylindrica consist of prevention, cultural, mechanical, biological, and integrated approach. All control methods are not cost effective and require careful planning to achieve the desired outcome. Currently, good control can be achieved by integrating cultural, mechanical, and chemical methods, but long term of management control must involve sustainable strategies such as biological control and revegetation practices.

Short Communication: Assessment of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.) genetic variation in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcL and trnL-F intergenic spacer

“…Most recently, an integrated control system involving cultural, mechanical, and chemical approaches was introduced. However, biological control and revegetation were recommended for the long-term management of the weed species ( Lebrun 2020;Rusdy 2020). Bioherbicides, such as the type causing wilt disease in cogongrass could also be introduced (Tamur et al 2019).…”

The Rising Threat of Invasive Alien Plant Species in Agriculture

“…The species spread from South America to Asia in 1961 through the seeds accidentally mixed with rice seeds and found to contain in 27 countries [22]. Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv, is one of the ten worst weeds a perennial grass native to South East Asia is a wide spread invader to warmer regions [23,24]. Persicaria glabra is an invasive weed plant native to North America and Eurasia belonging to the family Polygonaceae and spread to subtropical region of Asia, South America, Africa, Australia and Pacific Islands [25].…”

A Comprehensive Inventory of Alien Plants in the Protected Forest Areas of Tripura and their Ecological Consequences

“…Where "C" is the number of common species to both sites, "a" is the number of species unique to first site; "b" is the number of species unique to second site. (Sekar, 2012) as well as throughout India (Misra, 2020).The predominance of these plant families as effective alien invaders in protected natural forests may be favoured by their high production of flowers and viable seeds which are usually dispersed by wind (as in Asteraceae; Sengupta & Dash, 2020b), by successful vegetative multiplication (as in Convolvulaceae) or wide propagation by rhizomes (as in Poaceae; Rusdy, 2020). Analysis of the invaded habitats revealed that, 38% of total taxa occur in open forest areas inside protected areas, 23% taxa in agricultural lands while 22% taxa significantly found in fallow lands and 9% of total taxa found invading roadside areas (Fig.…”