<i>In silico</i> environmental risk assessment of fate and effects of pharmaceuticals and their TPs generated and treated by coupling tertiary processes in hospital wastewater

Della-Flora, Alexandre; Scunderlick, Davi; Wilde, Marcelo L.; Gomes, Adriano de Araújo; Lima, Éder C.; Sirtori, Carla

doi:10.1039/d2ew00518b

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…While the carcinogenic and mutagenic profiles of halogenated antibiotics have been extensively tested, those of newer halogenated pharmacological scaffolds remain largely unexplored. Several organochlorines and halogenated hydrocarbons pose serious carcinogenic threats (Fiore et al, 2019;Muslem et al, 2020) -Flora et al, 2023). However, over 3800 halogenated compounds of nonanthropogenic origin found in various ecosystems have no harmful effects (Gul et al, 2020).…”

Section: A Halogen Bonding Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogenated Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Drug-Resistant Pathogens

Faleye,

Boya,

Lee

et al. 2023

Pharmacol Rev

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Antimicrobial resistance presents us with a potential global crisis as it undermines the abilities of conventional antibiotics to combat pathogenic microbes. The history of antimicrobial agents is replete with examples of scaffolds containing halogens. In this review, we discuss the impacts of halogen atoms in various antibiotic types and antimicrobial scaffolds and their modes of action, structure-activity relationships, and the contributions of halogen atoms in antimicrobial activity and drug resistance. Other halogenated molecules, including carbohydrates, peptides, lipids, and polymeric complexes, are also reviewed, and the effects of halogenated scaffolds on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and factors affecting antimicrobial and antivirulence activities are presented. Furthermore, the potential of halogenation to circumvent antimicrobial resistance and rejuvenate impotent antibiotics is addressed. This review provides an overview of the significance of halogenation, the abilities of halogens to interact in biomolecular settings and enhance pharmacological properties, and their potential therapeutic usages in preventing a post-antibiotic era. Significance StatementAntimicrobial resistance and the increasing impotence of antibiotics are critical threats to global health. The roles and importance of halogen atoms in antimicrobial drug scaffolds have been established, but comparatively little is known of their pharmacological impacts on drug resistance and antivirulence activities. This review is the first to extensively evaluate the roles of halogen atoms in various antibiotic classes and pharmacological scaffolds and to provide an overview of their abilities to overcome antimicrobial resistance.

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