In Situ Alloying Strategy for Exceptional Potassium Ion Batteries

Abstract

We report an in situ alloying strategy for obtaining homogeneous (Bi,Sb) alloy nanoparticles from (Bi,Sb)2S3 nanotubes for the exceptional anode of potassium ion batteries (KIBs). The operando X-ray diffraction results, along with transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mappings, successfully reveal the phase evolution of this material, which is (Bi,Sb)2S3 → (Bi,Sb) → K­(Bi,Sb) → K3(Bi,Sb) during the initial discharge and K3(Bi,Sb) → K­(Bi,Sb) → (Bi,Sb) in the charging process. The in situ alloying strategy produces a synergistic effect and brings an outstanding electrochemical performance. It achieves ultrahigh discharge capacities of 611 mAh g–1 at 100 mA g–1 (0.135C) and 300 mAh g–1 at 1000 mA g–1 (1.35C) and retains a capacity as high as 353 mAh g–1 after 1000 cycles at 500 mA g–1 (0.675C) with a Coulombic efficiency close to 100%. In addition, the KIBs full cell, which is composed of this anode and a perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride cathode, reaches an initial discharge capacity as high as 276 mAh g–1 at 500 mA g–1 and maintains 207 mAh g–1 after 100 cycles.

ZIF‐8@ZIF‐67‐Derived Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon Confined CoP Polyhedron Targeting Superior Potassium‐Ion Storage

“…However, the large ionic radius (0.138 nm) of K + is prone to inducing sluggish reaction kinetics and structural collapse of electrodes upon electrochemical cycling. In this respect, tremendous efforts have been exerted to explore novel anode materials with high specific capacity, facile K‐ion uptake/release kinetics and structural robustness targeting high energy and long life KIBs …”

Highly Concentrated KTFSI : Glyme Electrolytes for K/Bilayered‐V2O5 Batteries

“…Alternative electrolytes with a new combination of salts and solvents, including high-salt-concentration electrolytes have been reported to improve the stability of K-based cells. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Among them, highly concentrated glyme-based electrolytes are the most versatile ones. For example, Xiao et al reported the highly concentrated KFSI 0.5 : glyme enabling reversible potassium plating/stripping with an efficiency of 99 %, thanks to the formation of an inorganic compound-rich, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on potassium metal.…”

Preparation and application of poly(ethylene oxide)‐based all solid‐state electrolyte with a walnut‐like SiO2 as nano‐fillers

“…Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have been rapidly developed since 1990s . Nowadays, portable electronic equipment, rapid development electric vehicle and state‐of‐the‐art smart grid are closely associated with LIBs due to their several advantages such as no memory effect, long cycle life and high energy density . However, LIBs using organic liquid electrolyte also have some unfavorable features including the leakage, highly volatile ability, and flammability of organic liquid electrolyte system and the growth of lithium dendrites, which may cause the degeneration of battery performance or even some unpredictable dangerous safety accidents .…”