<i>In situ</i> degradability of conventional and unconventional starch sources for ruminants, and factors determining their washable fraction: methodological implications

García, Eliel González; Alexandrine, Yann; Silou-Etienne, Tatiana; Archimède, Harry

doi:10.1002/jsfa.3673

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…When the structure of a silo is permeable to water, it leads to quick deterioration of the product therein, and therefore the purpose of its preservation is defeated. Asides water vapour permeability, other factors such as temperature and water activity as well as the rate at which chemical and enzymatic processes occur also in uence the shelf-life of a stored product (Gonzales et al, 2009). An insight into the interaction between these factors is necessary to avoid rapid deterioration (Shankaret al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vapour Permeability Index of Silver Nanoparticle -Modified Termite Mould Clay

Oriola,

Asafa,

OLAIFA

2023

Preprint

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One of the challenges of food security is attributed to high postharvest storage losses of grains. These losses can be minimized by using Termite Mound Clay (TMC) which has long been established as an adequate material for silo construction. This study therefore, focused on the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to modify clay microstructure and consequently inhibit water vapour permeability. The TMC-AgNPs composite films were prepared using a solution casting method based on the grey-Taguchi experimental design and optimization. Experiments were designed at three different levels using an orthogonal array with TMC (4, 8, and 12 g), AgNP (10, 15, and 25 ml), Glycerol (1.6, 2.2, and 2.8 ml), and Distilled water (150, 250, and 350 ml) as input parameters. Samples were casted on an already fabricated leveled film mold and allowed to dry at room temperature (23 ± 2°C) for 2 days. The samples were tested for Compressive Strength (CS), Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR), and Water Vapour Permeability (WVP) using gravimetric techniques following ASTM E90–80. The thickness, CS, WVTR, and WVP have ranges of 2.38–2.70 mm, 9.35–14.80 MPa, 33.86-105.91 g/h.m, and 2.52–7.73 g.mm/h.m2kPa, respectively. The optimization study showed that the thickness increased from 2.43 to 2.70, WVTR decreased from 29.59 to 29.32 (g/h.m2) compressive strength increased from 12.10 to 12.37 MPa while water vapour permeability reduced from 2.52 to 2.25 g.mm.h.m2 kPa. The developed AgNP-Modified TMC l had minimal water vapour permeability and higher compressive strength making it suitable for silo construction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vapour Permeability Index of Silver Nanoparticle -Modified Termite Mould Clay

Oriola,

Asafa,

OLAIFA

2023

Preprint

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“…Starch is one of the most important components of a ruminant's diet (Gonzáles-García et al 2009;Mendoza et al 1993). The main site of its degradation in the digestive tract is the rumen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Entodinium caudatum on starch intake and glycogen formation by Eudiplodinium maggii in the rumen and reticulum

Bełżecki

McEwan

Kowalik

et al. 2017

European Journal of Protistology

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This study aimed to quantify the engulfed starch and reserve α-glucans (glycogen) in the cells of the ciliates Eudiplodinium maggii, as well the α-glucans in defaunated and selectively faunated sheep. The content of starch inside the cell of ciliates varied from 21 to 183mg/g protozoal DM relative to the rumen fauna composition whereas, the glycogen fluctuated between 17 and 126mg/g dry matter (DM) of this ciliate species. Establishment of the population Entodinium caudatum in the rumen of sheep already faunated with E. maggii caused a drop in both types of quantified carbohydrates. The content of α-glucans in the rumen of defaunated sheep varied from 4.4 to 19.9mg/g DM and increased to 7.4-29.9 or 11.8-33.9mg/g DM of rumen contents in the presence of only E. maggii or E. maggii and E. caudatum, respectively. The lowest content of the carbohydrates was always found just before feeding and the highest at 4h thereafter. The α-glucans in the reticulum varied 7.5-40.1, 14.3-76.8 or 21.9-106.1mg/g DM of reticulum content for defaunated, monofaunated or bifaunated sheep, respectively. The results indicated that both ciliate species engulf starch granules and convert the digestion products to the glycogen, diminishing the pool of starch available for amylolytic bacteria.

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Sustainability of ruminant agriculture in the new context: feeding strategies and features of animal adaptability into the necessary holistic approach

Bocquier

García

2010

Animal

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There are numerous recent studies highlighting sustainability problems for the development of ruminant production systems (RPS) while facing increasing human food necessities and global climate change. Despite the complexity of the context, in our view the main objectives of the ruminants' physiologist should be convergent for both industrialized (IC) and developing countries (DC) in a common and global strategy of advancing knowledge. In DC, this means improving the efficiency of RPS, taking into account the unique possibility of using rangelands. For IC settings, RPS should be revisited in terms of autonomy and environment-friendly feeding and managing practices. Assuming that competition for feed/food use is still a crucial criterion, future ruminant feeding systems (FeSyst) should preferably focus on lignocellulosic sources. According to biome distributions, and the recent increases in volumes of crop residues and their by-products, the annually renewed volumes of these biomasses are considerable. Therefore, we need to redesign our strategies for their efficient utilization at the local level. For this purpose, digestion processes and rumen functioning need to be better understood. The renewed vision of ruminal digestion through the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is also a key aspect as it is an environmental demand that cannot be ignored. With regard to other ruminants' physiological functions, accumulated knowledge could be mobilized into an integrative approach that puts forward the adaptive capacities of animals to face variability in quantity and quality of supplied feeds. Basically, the reduction of inputs that were traditionally used to ensure FeSyst will need more flexible animals. In that sense, the concepts of homeostasis and teleophorhesis need to be updated and adapted to domestic species and breeds that were until now largely excluded from the dominant productive systems. In conclusion, a more holistic approach of research targets is required in which physiological functions and farmers' practices must converge and respond to each particular situation in an integral, dynamic and flexible conceptual perspective. From a scientific point of view, both for ICs and DCs, a broader range of experimental scenarios should be explored in order to arrive at innovative practices and solutions that respect environmental, ethical and economical issues. The clear challenge is to in evaluate the sustainability of RPSs. This includes, in our opinion, a strong interaction with other disciplines (multi-and trans-disciplinary conception), thus structuring new relevant indicators for the evaluation sustainability.

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In situ degradability of conventional and unconventional starch sources for ruminants, and factors determining their washable fraction: methodological implications

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Vapour Permeability Index of Silver Nanoparticle -Modified Termite Mould Clay

Vapour Permeability Index of Silver Nanoparticle -Modified Termite Mould Clay

Effect of Entodinium caudatum on starch intake and glycogen formation by Eudiplodinium maggii in the rumen and reticulum

Sustainability of ruminant agriculture in the new context: feeding strategies and features of animal adaptability into the necessary holistic approach

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