In situgelling polysaccharide‐based hydrogel for cell and drug delivery in tissue engineering

Abstract

Injectable hydrogels have attracted a great deal of attention as cell carriers and bioactive agents in regenerative medicine due to their ability to fill complex three-dimensional (3D) tissue gaps and relative ease of in vivo administration. Polysaccharidebased hydrogels can provide microenvironments that favor tissue regeneration and biocompatibility due to their chemical similarities with native extracellular matrix components. This manuscript reports the in vitro application of an injectable chitosan-based polysaccharide hydrogel for cell and protein delivery. Crosslinked hydrogels were produced by the reaction between the amino functionality of chitosan and the aldehyde of dextran aldehyde resulting in an imine bond (Schiff 's base) formation in aqueous solutions. This approach eliminated the use of additional crosslinking agents which may pose undesired side effects regarding cytotoxicity and biocompatibility. Additionally, we demonstrate versatility of the gel in terms of its fabrication, and ability to alter mechanical properties by changing the crosslinking extent due to aldehyde content. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), used as a model protein, followed a steady release pattern from the gel. BSA release was dependent on the extent of hydrogel crosslinking. Increase in crosslinking extent resulted in improved mechanical properties and sustained release of BSA. Human fetal osteoblasts encapsulated into the hydrogel showed at least 70% viability and continued to proliferate under in vitro culture. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39934.

Polysaccharide biomaterials for drug delivery and regenerative engineering

“…A variety of cross‐linking techniques including ionic gelation, chemical cross‐linking, and in situ gelation have been applied to produce the hydrogels. For instance, cross‐linked polymer networks were produced by mixing aqueous CN and dextran dialdehyde solution . These cross‐links were produced by the reaction between the amino functionality of CN and the aldehyde of dextran resulting in an imine bond (Schiff's base) formation .…”

“…For instance, cross‐linked polymer networks were produced by mixing aqueous CN and dextran dialdehyde solution . These cross‐links were produced by the reaction between the amino functionality of CN and the aldehyde of dextran resulting in an imine bond (Schiff's base) formation . This approach eliminated the use of additional cross‐linking agents, which may pose undesired side effects regarding cytotoxicity and biocompatibility.…”

“…This approach eliminated the use of additional cross‐linking agents, which may pose undesired side effects regarding cytotoxicity and biocompatibility. This hydrogel system allowed the fine tuning of gelation time and hydrogel mechanical properties by changing the cross‐linking extent due to aldehyde content . These hydrogels supported the growth and proliferation of human fetal osteoblasts encapsulated into the hydrogel under in vitro culture.…”

Guided differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells on co-cultured cartilage and bone scaffolds

“…23,28,[30][31][32][33][34] Due to the lack of cell recognition sites on PCL, it was necessary to functionalize the PCL with materials that promote chondrogenesis. After the cells proliferate towards establishing confluence they migrate towards available space which is consistent with our previous publications and ongoing studies.…”

Chemically Modified Natural Polysaccharides to Form Gels

“…Similarly, aldehyde-converted dextran was reacted with chitosan to form a chemically crosslinked hydrogel. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was released in a controlled manner from the matrix showing promise for potential use as a drug delivery material as well as for tissue engineering and cell culture (Cheng et al 2013).…”