“…In contrast, many plants have inherent adhesiveness and extensive reproducible sources, making themselves suitable for industrial application. Lignin, ,,, starch, , protein, ,, tannic acid, , and vegetable oil, , through some effective solutions such as cross-linking reaction ( e.g. , chemical cross-linking, dual-cross-linked network, H-bonded cross-linking, and covalent bond cross-linking), copolymerization, in situ synthesis, electrostatic complexation, self-assemblies, and modification of supramolecular structure, surmount the problems of poor adhesive strength and water resistance of plant-based biomass adhesives. , To the best of our knowledge, cellulose is the most abundant natural linear polymer, making up of d -anhydroglucopyranose units (AGUs) linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds on earth. , It shows many excellent characteristics including renewable, biocompatibility, biodegradability, high strength, and nanostructure .…”