<i>In-vitro</i> activity of ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and five other antimicrobial agents against 95 strains of <i>Brucella melitensis</i>

Bosch, J.; Liñares, Josefina; Goicoechea, M. J. López De; Ariza, Javier; Cisnal, M.; Martin, R. Russell

doi:10.1093/jac/17.4.459

Cited by 72 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…WIN 57273, a fluoroquinolone that is still in the experimental stage, had the next lowest MIC, and ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin followed with MICs for 50% of the strains tested (MIC50s) of 0.4 and 0.8 ,ug/ml, respectively, and MIC90s of 0.8 and 1.5 ,g/ml, respectively. These MICs are similar to those reported previously (1,5,6,15,18). Streptomycin, co-trimoxazole, and rifampin demonstrated somewhat higher MICs (Table 1); however, their MIC90s were similar to their MIC50s, representing a limited susceptibility distribution pattern.…”

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confidence: 92%

“…The combinations of minocycline and rifampin and ciprofloxacin and rifampin (Table 3) caused bacterial killing only at 24 h. The combination of minocycline and ciprofloxacin was the least potent drug combination, causing bacterial killing only at 96 h. A recent epidemic of brucellosis in Israel drew our attention to the frequent clinical relapses that occurred following the discontinuation of ciprofioxacin treatment, an observation that has also been made with other quinolones, in both this and other countries (5,16). This observation stands in contrast to the relatively low MICs for B. melitensis both as determined in the present investigation and as reported previously (1,5,6,15,18). We therefore determined the in vitro susceptibility of recent B. melitensis clinical isolates to various antibiotics and their combinations and also measured the killing effect of these antibiotics.…”

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confidence: 45%

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In vitro susceptibility of Brucella melitensis to antibiotics

Rubinstein

Lang

Shasha

et al. 1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro susceptibilities of 86 recent clinical isolates of Brucella melitensis to minocycline, streptomycin, co-trimoxazole, rifampin, and six fluoroquinolones were determined. Minocycline exhibited the lowest MIC and was followed by rifampin and streptomycin. Among the quinolones, WIN 57273 and ciprofloxacin were the most active agents. No antibiotic combination of these agents exhibited synergy against 15 selected isolates. In killing rate experiments, streptomycin exhibited the most rapid kill (<12 h), while a complete kill with minocycline, rifampin, and ciprofloxacin was delayed up to 48 h. The combinations of streptomycin with each of minocycline, rifampin, or ciprofloxacin exhibited the fastest kills (within 2 h), while with the other combinations, a complete kill was delayed up to 96 h. These results demonstrate the discrepancy between the results of various in vitro methods in evaluating the antibiotic susceptibility of B. melitensis.Human brucellosis is an important ongoing medical problem. The Mediterranean basin is one of the most heavily afflicted regions (7). Despite the availability of many antibacterial agents, the complete cure of the infection with prevention of the frequent relapses is still an unattainable goal (7). The new fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents, because of their broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against a variety of gram-negative bacteria and because of their favorable intracellular penetration, could potentially be candidates for the therapy of brucellosis (13, 19). We therefore tested the in vitro activities of several fluoroquinolones (pefloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, sparfloxacin, and WIN 57273) and compared them with the activities of the conventional anti-Brucella antibiotics: tetracycline, streptomycin, rifampin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole), recommended for the therapy of brucellosis. In addition, we also studied the possible synergistic effects of several combinations of these antibiotics.Bacteria. Eighty-six Brucella melitensis strains isolated from patients at three different geographical districts in Israel were used. The identities of all B. melitensis strains were confirmed (by Menachem Banai) in the National Brucella Reference Laboratory by the Stamp stain appropriate biochemical reactions and by phage typing (2). Stock strains were kept frozen in small aliquots at -80°C and were kept between experiments on agar slants.Antibiotics. Antibiotics were obtained from their manufacturers as laboratory powders and were reconstituted in their recommended diluents to yield stock solutions of 1,000 ,u.g/ml that were kept at -70°C. Minocycline (Lederle, Pearl River, N.Y.) was used as a representative of the tetracycline family. Streptomycin sulfate (Teva, Jerusalem, Israel), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Wellcome, Beckenham, United Kingdom), rifampin (Ciba-Geigy, Basel, Switzerland), ciprofloxacin (Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), ofloxacin (Hoechst AG, Frankfurt, Germany), pefloxacin and sparfloxacin (Rhone-Poulenc-Rorer, ...

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supporting

confidence: 92%

contrasting

confidence: 45%

In vitro susceptibility of Brucella melitensis to antibiotics

Rubinstein

Lang

Shasha

et al. 1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…in the literature is limited, and most were poorly standardized (6,8,10,13,14,21,24). Available data indicate that the susceptibility of Brucella organisms to antibiotics has, with a few exceptions (5, 23), remained stable over the'past 15 years.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relevance of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Brucella melitensis to relapse rate in human brucellosis

Ariza¹,

Bosch²,

Gudiol³

et al. 1986

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro susceptibility of Brucella melitensis was examined vis-a-vis the clinical outcome in 75 patients with brucellosis. The initial MICs for Brucella isolates from patients who relapsed and from those who did not were similar. Furthermore, the MICs for isolates from patients whose infections relapsed were no different from those for original isolates. Our results clearly showed that neither initial nor subsequent antibiotic susceptibility plays a role in the likelihood of relapse of patients with brucellosis.

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“…These antibiotics display low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Brucella spp. in vitro [5][6][7][8][9][10] and have good oral bioavailability and a large volume of distribution including in eukaryotic cells where Brucella sp. multiply [11,12].…”

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confidence: 99%