In vitroandin vivoanti‐inflammatory activity of a succinoglycan Riclin fromAgrobacteriumsp. ZCC3656

Abstract

Aims To purify and characterize an exopolysaccharide (EPS) from an Agrobacterium strain ZCC3656 with high EPS‐secreting performance and investigate its anti‐inflammatory activity using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced macrophage cells in an acute liver injury mouse model. Methods and Results Twelve rhizobial strains were compared for EPS fermentation production in modified M9 salts supplemented with mannitol or sucrose as the sole carbon source. Agrobacterium sp. ZCC3656 exhibited the highest EPS yield (21·1 g l−1) and was characterized for EPS production by carbon source utilization, time course fermentation and serial subcultivation assays. The EPS, designated Riclin, was purified by deproteinization using the Sevag method. The combined results of gel permeation chromatography, monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicated that Riclin is a succinoglycan‐like polysaccharide comprised of glucose, galactose, succinate and pyruvate at a ratio of 7·8. : 1·0 : 0·9 : 1·1 and has an molecular weight of approximately 2·5 × 106 Da. Riclin inhibited TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6 expression in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, Riclin pretreatment increased the survival rate of D‐Gal/LPS treated mice, inhibited serum ALT and AST activities and reduced the production of the inflammatory mediators TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6. Conclusions Agrobacterium sp. ZCC3656 is a highly stable EPS‐producing strain. The EPS Riclin from ZCC3656 is a succinoglycan‐type polysaccharide that is noncytotoxic and exhibits remarkable anti‐inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro. Significance and Impact of the Study Succinoglycans are well known for good rheological properties and their physiological interactions with plants. However, their potential activity towards mammals has received little attention. Our study revealed that the succinoglycan Riclin exhibited excellent anti‐inflammatory activities and could be considered as a promising reagent in anti‐inflammatory treatment.

Safety assessment of functional oligooctasaccharide riclinoctaose: A pilot study of genotoxicity, acute toxicity, and subchronic toxicity

“…Riclin, characterized as succinoglycan, was produced outstandingly by Agrobacterium sp. ZCC3656 (Cheng et al, 2019). Riclinoctaose is a non-digestible carbohydrate synthesized by one-step enzymatic hydrolysis of riclin (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Box-Behnken design-based optimization for deproteinization of crude polysaccharides in Lycium barbarum berry residue using the Sevag method

“…More recently, LBP-P was found to enhance host immunity (Chen et al, 2009) and inhibit the proliferation and migration of BIU87 cells as a therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer treatment. Many deproteinization methods have been developed to try to remove protein impurities of polysaccharides (Cheng et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019;Shi et al, 2019;Song et al, 2019;Duan et al, 2020) (Table 1). Among these methods, the Sevag method was a typical and traditional deproteinization technology for the purification of polysaccharides in Lycium barbarum berries (Chen et al, 2008;Yang and Zhang, 2009;Zhu et al, 2010).…”

Preparation and Gut Microbiota Modulatory Property of the Oligosaccharide Riclinoctaose

“…31,32 Riclin, characterized as succinoglycan, has shown its effects of antiinflammatory and alleviating diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. 33,34 Riclin also shows anti-tumor activity and immunogenicity. 35 Moreover, riclin can be used as a therapeutic antibacterial agent to promote the clearance of Listeria.…”

“…36 Polymeric riclin has a high molecular weight and high viscosity. 33 Viscous polysaccharides possessed anti-nutritive activities when the polysaccharide was at high levels in the diet. 37 The high viscosity of intestinal contents could cause slow digestion and reduce nutrient absorption.…”