In vitro and in vivo studies of rhBMP2‐coated PS/PCL fibrous scaffolds for bone regeneration

Abstract

The control of porous microstructure and the use of rhBMP2 as surface coating on bone substitutes have been recognized as key factors to accelerate osteoconductivity. In this study, instead of using a meso-porous fibrous scaffold of poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), a micro- and macro-porous fibrous scaffold, made up of blended polystyrene (PS) and PCL, was created to investigate these key factors. In vitro studies, MTT assay and scanning electron microscope (SEM) morphology confirmed that PS/PCL fibrous membrane has non-toxicity and shows excellent cells adhesion and proliferation behavior. Significant improvements regarding cell attachment, cell growth, and cell proliferation were observed using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2)-coated PS/PCL fibrous scaffold confirmed by SEM and confocal observation. Results of micro-CT scanning and the Hematoxylin & Eosin/Masson's Trichrom staining of tissue sections from the post-implantation revealed that rhBMP2-coated PS/PCL fibrous scaffold recovered over 75 vol % of the bone defect after 8 weeks of implantation.

Injectable <i>in situ</i> crosslinkable hyaluronan-polyvinyl phosphonic acid hydrogels for bone engineering

“…The proofs are that the absorbance of O-P-O stretching mode increased and the symmetric vibration of P-O at 904 cm −1 disappeared, and the ionic bonding between -NH-group of HA and -P-OH of PVPA resulted in the -PO2-3 band at 1010 cm −1 increased [30]. mended for bone ingrowths and capillaries ingrowths [31,32]. Therefore, the pore sizes of hydrogels were confirmed by observing their morphology using scanning electronic microscope.…”

“…In this study, cytotoxicity of hydrogels was examined using MTT assay. MTT assay is a simple and easy method that widely used for examining the toxicity of biomaterial reported in our previous studies [26,31,33,34]. According to I ISO-109 93-5, biomaterials that have over 70% cell viability will be approved as biocompatible biomaterials.…”

Dermatopontin in the extracellular matrix enhances osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

“…Much of the published work concerning the effect of individual ECM components on osteogenesis has centered on the more abundant matrix proteins and on inorganic ECM components common in mineralized tissue [15][16][17][18][19]. Also commonly studied are the influences of synthetic ECM-mimicking substrates and various growth factors [15,[20][21][22]. However, small, non-collagenous, matricellular ECM components may have equally or more important roles in modulating the differentiation process and are much less studied.…”

Fabrication of Core-Shell PLGA-Chitosan Microparticles Using Electrospinning: Effects of Polymer Concentration

“…To confirm the biocompatibility of microparticles, the cytotoxicity of PLGA, PLGA-CS1, PLGA-CS2, and PLGA-CS3 MPs was evaluated using MTT assay method described in our previous reports [20][21][22][23][24]. Briefly, the fibroblast cells were seeded with a density of 1 × 10 4 cells/ml in a 96-well tissue culture plate and incubated for 24 h at 37 ∘ C and 5% CO 2 .…”