In vitroandin vivometal ion release

Abstract

A series of experiments was conducted to study in vitro and in vivo metal ion release and the urine excretion of metal ions. Metal salts were injected and urine analyzed. Anodic potentials were applied to stainless steel and cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CCM) specimens to cause an acceleration of corrosion rates. Corrosion experiments were done in saline, 10% serum and in a subcutaneous space in hamsters. Corrosion rates were determined by measurements of weight loss and calculations of net charge transfer. Metal ion concentrations were determined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, and were calculated from total charge using Faraday's law. The results with stainless steel showed that the weight loss and metal ion release from stainless steel in vitro and in vivo can be calculated using Faraday's Law, assuming release in proportion to alloy composition. The results with CCM indicated that release rates in vitro can be used to determine the proportionality of release in vivo. All the nickel and most of the cobalt was rapidly excreted, while less than 50% of the chromium was excreted. The excretion of metals following salt injection or in vivo corrosion were very similar.

Effect of Ni ions on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 by endothelial cells

“…[6][7][8] The contribution of elements released from dental restorations to the systemic body burden remains controversial, but the retention of artificially injected elements in various tissues demonstrates that released elements may accumulate in tissues over time. [9][10][11] The use of Ni-based alloys for dental restorations is a continuing concern because these alloys release levels of Ni which can approach daily dietary intake. 1 The corrosion of Ni-based dental alloys has been well documented in vitro [12][13][14] and in vivo, [15][16][17] particularly if the pH of the corroding solution falls below 6.0, 18 a common condition in the mouth.…”

Differential distribution of cobalt, chromium, and nickel between whole blood, plasma and urine in patients after metal‐on‐metal (MoM) hip arthroplasty

“…34 Animal studies demonstrate that nickel (Ni) is eliminated rapidly in the urine and does not accumulate in tissues. 17 A prospective study of urinary metal excretion in patients with MoM prostheses demonstrated that daily excretion of Co peaked at 6 months postoperatively, and subsequently declined up to 6 years later.…”

Cerium, gallium and zinc containing mesoporous bioactive glass coating deposited on titanium alloy

“…Coating and surface modification are some of the relevant methods by which the surface properties of the implant can be modified maintaining the bulk properties of the material [1]. Coating mainly provides (i) a shield to avoid toxic ion release from the implant, which could be harmful for human cells when exceed certain concentration values [2,3]. (ii) Compatible implant-tissue interface, which could provide good bonding between them helping to avoid implant failure [4].…”